ABSTRACT

Preventing child sexual abuse (CSA) requires comprehensive multi-agency criminal justice and public health approaches. Yet, marginal attention has been given to secondary prevention strategies that target “at risk” populations. Thus, we carried out a scoping review examining secondary prevention interventions for people at risk of sexual offending by considering their effectiveness, challenges and barriers. We identified N = 43 sources and completed a qualitative analysis. Our appraisal found five themes: (a) essential features needed for secondary prevention programmes (plus summary of interventions); (b) barriers to examining, implementing and accessing secondary prevention programmes; (c) methodological limitations; (d) the ethical justification; and (e) economic benefits for preventing abuse before it occurs. Over the last two decades, sources report greater public tolerance to the notion of tackling CSA using public health prevention approaches. Thus, we call for policy makers to embrace this positive shift and invest resources to further examine this area.

Practice impact statement

Advancing clinicians’ and therapists’ practice is critical for those working with people at risk of harm. This review aims to strengthen current knowledge and inform practice. Further, policy makers and funders are essential to the development and progression of prevention strategies; by providing this contemporary review, we hope to assist the decision-making process for allocating resources and strengthening confidence in advancing policy that builds comprehensive prevention approaches.

摘要

预防儿童性虐待 (CSA) 需要综合的多机构刑事司法和公共卫生方法。然而，针对“高危”人群的二级预防策略却很少受到关注。因此，我们进行了一项范围界定审查，通过考虑有效性、挑战和障碍，检查针对性犯罪风险人群的二级预防干预措施。我们确定了N = 43 个来源并完成了定性分析。我们的评估发现了五个主题：(a) 二级预防计划所需的基本特征（加上干预措施摘要）；(b) 检查、实施和获取二级预防方案的障碍；(c) 方法限制；(d) 道德理由；(e) 在滥用发生之前防止滥用的经济利益。在过去的二十年里，消息来源报告说，公众对使用公共卫生预防方法解决 CSA 的概念有了更大的容忍度。因此，我们呼吁政策制定者接受这一积极转变，并投入资源进一步研究这一领域。

实践影响陈述

推进临床医生和治疗师的实践对于那些与面临伤害风险的人一起工作的人来说至关重要。本综述旨在加强现有知识并为实践提供信息。此外，政策制定者和资助者对于预防战略的制定和推进至关重要；通过提供这一当代审查，我们希望协助分配资源的决策过程，并增强对推进建立综合预防方法的政策的信心。