The demand for freshwater resources has increased in recent times and has been exacerbated by escalating global population and increasing drought indices in the world’s agricultural zones. Irrigated agriculture is inevitably a wasteful water user that has deprived other sectors of the scarce resource. Improving water use efficiency in irrigated agriculture is therefore crucial for sustainable agricultural production to thrive. There is potential to improve water use efficiency through smart irrigation systems, especially with the advent of wireless communication technologies, monitoring systems, and advanced control strategies for optimal irrigation scheduling. This paper reviews state-of-the-art smart monitoring and irrigation control strategies that have been used in recent years for irrigation scheduling. From the literature review, closed-loop irrigation control strategies are efficient than open-loop systems which do not cater for uncertainties. It is argued that combining soil-based, plant, and weather-based monitoring methods in a modelling environment with model predictive control can significantly improve water use efficiency. This review shall help researchers and farmers to choose the best irrigation monitoring and control strategy to improve irrigation scheduling in open field agricultural systems.

近来对淡水资源的需求有所增加，并且由于全球人口的增加和世界农业区干旱指数的增加而加剧。灌溉农业不可避免地浪费水资源，剥夺了其他部门的稀缺资源。因此，提高灌溉农业的用水效率对于可持续农业生产的蓬勃发展至关重要。通过智能灌溉系统提高用水效率有潜力，特别是随着无线通信技术、监控系统和用于优化灌溉调度的先进控制策略的出现。本文回顾了近年来用于灌溉调度的最先进的智能监控和灌溉控制策略。从文献综述来看，闭环灌溉控制策略比不适应不确定性的开环系统更有效。有人认为，在建模环境中将基于土壤、植物和基于天气的监测方法与模型预测控制相结合，可以显着提高用水效率。该综述将帮助研究人员和农民选择最佳灌溉监测和控制策略，以改善露天农业系统的灌溉调度。