With the extensive use of plastic film, a large number of residual film accumulated in the farmland, bringing a huge negative impact on agricultural production. Studying the effect of residual film on roots is helpful to understand the damage mechanism of residual film on crop growth. Thus, a two-year field experiment was conducted with 0 (M0), 90 (M90), 180 (M180), 360 (M360), and 720 (M720) kg ha⁻¹ residual film, and sine and logistic functions were used to simulate root growth and vertical distribution of maize. Results showed that root length decreased with residual film increasing and was more sensitive to residual film at tasseling, filling and maturity stages than at seedling and jointing stages. The results of the sine function fitting the total root length showed that the potential maximum root length was decreased and the rooting time was delayed, and the root growth time was shortened with the amount of residual film increasing. M90 had no significant effect on root length but residual film equal to or greater than 180 kg ha⁻¹ had significant negative effects on root length. M180, M360 and M720 significantly reduced the actual total root length by 13.7%, 23.8% and 33.3%, and reduced the potential root length by 9.4%, 17.1% and 21.8%. M360 and M720 significantly shortened the growth time by 3.8% and 6.6%. The logistic function fit the vertical root distribution well. Residual film decreased the root length in deep soil and gathered roots in the soil layer near the depth of d₅₀ at which 50% of the root length was accumulated. Residual film decreased the soil depth where 50% and 95% root length were accumulated and increased the proportion of root length in 0–30 cm soil layer. This adverse effect increased with residual film amount increasing. The dry matter of stems, leaves and ears decreased with residual film increasing. M90 reduced the above-ground dry matter insignificantly and the other treatments with residual film had significant effects. At the maturity stage, the above-ground dry matter in M90, M180, M360 and M720 was reduced by 2.4%, 14.2%, 22.2% and 29.4%, compared with M0. Residual film decreased evapotranspiration (ET), grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) significantly except M90. ET, yield and WUE were reduced by 1.7%, 3.0% and 1.1% in M90, and 2.5%, 17.1% and 16.1% in M180, and 6.2%, 27.1% and 23.4% in M360, and 8.5%, 34.7% and 30.8% in M720, respectively. In summary, the residual film beyond 180 kg ha⁻¹ had a significant negative effect on summer maize. This information will be useful to better understand and respond to residual film pollution and ensure safe agricultural production.

随着地膜的广泛使用，大量的残膜堆积在农田中，给农业生产带来了巨大的负面影响。研究残膜对根系的影响，有助于了解残膜对作物生长的破坏机制。因此，用 0 (M0)、90 (M90)、180 (M180)、360 (M360) 和 720 (M720) kg ha ^-1进行了为期两年的田间试验残膜、正弦和逻辑函数被用来模拟玉米的根系生长和垂直分布。结果表明，根长随着残膜的增加而减少，并且在抽雄、灌浆和成熟阶段比在苗期和拔节阶段对残膜更敏感。正弦函数拟合总根长结果表明，潜在最大根长减小，生根时间延迟，根系生长时间随着残膜量的增加而缩短。M90对根长无显着影响，但残膜等于或大于180 kg ha ^-1对根长有显着的负面影响。M180、M360和M720使实际总根长显着减少13.7%、23.8%和33.3%，使潜在根长减少9.4%、17.1%和21.8%。M360和M720显着缩短了3.8%和6.6%的生长时间。逻辑函数很好地拟合了垂直根分布。残膜减少了深层土壤中的根长，并在d ₅₀深度附近的土层中聚集了根50%的根长在此累积。残膜降低了50%和95%根长积累的土壤深度，增加了0-30 cm土层中根长的比例。这种不利影响随着残膜量的增加而增加。茎、叶和穗的干物质随着残膜的增加而减少。M90对地上干物质的减少不显着，其他有残膜的处理效果显着。M90、M180、M360、M720成熟期地上干物质较M0分别减少2.4%、14.2%、22.2%和29.4%。除 M90 外，残膜显着降低了蒸散量 (ET)、谷物产量和水分利用效率 (WUE)。M90 的 ET、产量和 WUE 分别降低了 1.7%、3.0% 和 1.1%，M180 降低了 2.5%、17.1% 和 16.1%，以及 6.2%、27.1% 和 23。M360 为 4%，M720 分别为 8.5%、34.7% 和 30.8%。综上所述，残膜超过180公斤公顷⁻¹对夏玉米有显着的负面影响。这些信息将有助于更好地了解和应对残膜污染，确保农业生产安全。