Multi-port multi-mode antenna elements have the ability to move their phase centers and modify their radiation patterns electronically. Arrays composed of such elements are referred to as virtually aperiodic arrays in this paper. Herein, optimization of the mode excitation coefficients in virtually aperiodic sparse linear arrays is proposed, by introducing novel design constraints with the aim of synthesizing wide-angle scanning, reconfigurable patterns, with grating/side lobe reduction. A dual-mode patch antenna is used for demonstration purposes. An efficient convex optimization based algorithm is adopted to optimize the excitation weight at each element mode port, while considering the mutual coupling effects. Through full-wave simulations, the effectiveness of the optimization in suppressing the unwanted radiation and adapting to different fields-of-view is shown. A novel investigation on the impacts of defining different mode excitation ratios on the radiation pattern characteristics is conducted.

中文翻译：

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虚拟非周期性线性稀疏阵列的优化

多端口多模天线元件能够以电子方式移动其相位中心并修改其辐射方向图。由这些元素组成的阵列在本文中被称为虚拟非周期阵列。在此，通过引入新颖的设计约束，以合成广角扫描、可重构图案、减少光栅/旁瓣为目的，提出了对几乎非周期性稀疏线性阵列中模式激励系数的优化。双模贴片天线用于演示目的。采用高效的基于凸优化的算法优化每个单元模式端口的激励权重，同时考虑相互耦合效应。通过全波模拟，显示了优化在抑制不需要的辐射和适应不同视野方面的有效性。对定义不同模式激发比对辐射图特性的影响进行了一项新的研究。