Aerodynamic loading is one of the most dominating environmental excitations of Floating Wind Turbines (FWTs) and plays an important role in the FWT dynamics. In this study, we developed a model Spar-type FWT and then constructed a dedicated experiment apparatus to reveal the aerodynamic loading effects. As for the floater motion, the wind loading serves as an external exciting force, as well as potential damping source and equivalent added mass item. To take all these roles into account, we proposed a concept of aerodynamic loading effect. The presence of aerodynamic loading effect is validated by free decay tests and white noise wave tests. Results show that the aerodynamic loading effect alters the natural frequencies and damping ratios of the FWT system. We suggest the FWT designers refer to the altered natural frequencies when designing the floater and the FWT controllers. We experimentally observed that the increased aerodynamic loading seems to suppress the pitch resonance vibration while amplifies the resonance vibration at surge frequency. Besides, the nacelle motions, blade loads, and the tower dynamics, are all significantly impacted by the aerodynamic loading effect. The presented results are potentially helpful for optimizing FWTs and developing advanced FWT controllers.

气动载荷是浮动风力涡轮机 (FWT) 最主要的环境激励之一，在 FWT 动力学中起着重要作用。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个模型 Spar 型 FWT，然后构建了一个专用的实验装置来揭示气动载荷效应。对于浮子运动，风荷载作为外部激振力，以及潜在的阻尼源和等效附加质量项。考虑到所有这些作用，我们提出了气动载荷效应的概念。通过自由衰减测试和白噪声波测试验证了气动加载效应的存在。结果表明，气动载荷效应改变了 FWT 系统的固有频率和阻尼比。我们建议 FWT 设计者在设计浮子和 FWT 控制器时参考改变的自然频率。我们通过实验观察到，增加的气动载荷似乎抑制了俯仰共振振动，同时放大了浪涌频率下的共振振动。此外，机舱运动、叶片载荷和塔架动力学都受到气动载荷效应的显着影响。所呈现的结果可能有助于优化 FWT 和开发先进的 FWT 控制器。都受到气动载荷效应的显着影响。所呈现的结果可能有助于优化 FWT 和开发先进的 FWT 控制器。都受到气动载荷效应的显着影响。所呈现的结果可能有助于优化 FWT 和开发先进的 FWT 控制器。