Recent advances in wireless communication and solid-state circuits together with the enormous demands of sensing ability have given rise to a new enabling technology, integrated (radar) sensing and communication (ISAC). ISAC captures two main advantages over dedicated sensing and communication functionalities: integration gain to efficiently utilize congested wireless/hardware resources, and even more interesting, coordination gain to balance dual-functional performance or/and perform mutual assistance. Triggered by ISAC, we are also witnessing a paradigm shift in the ubiquitous IoT architecture, in which the sensing and communication layers are tending to partially converge into a new layer, namely, the signaling layer. In this article, we first attempt to introduce a definition of ISAC, analyze the various influencing forces, and present several novel use cases. Then we complement the understanding of the signaling layer by presenting several key benefits in the IoT era. We classify existing dominant ISAC solutions based on the layers in which integration is applied. Finally, several challenges and opportunities are identified. We hope that this overview article will serve as a primary starting point for new researchers and offer a bird's-eye view of the existing ISAC-related advances.

中文翻译：

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为无处不在的物联网集成传感和通信：应用、趋势和挑战

无线通信和固态电路的最新进展以及对传感能力的巨大需求催生了一种新的使能技术，即集成（雷达）传感和通信 (ISAC)。与专用传感和通信功能相比，ISAC 具有两个主要优势：有效利用拥挤的无线/硬件资源的集成增益，以及更有趣的协调增益，以平衡双功能性能或/和执行互助。在ISAC的触发下，我们也见证了无处不在的物联网架构的范式转变，其中传感层和通信层趋向于部分融合到一个新层，即信令层。在本文中，我们首先尝试介绍ISAC的定义，分析各种影响力，并展示了几个新颖的用例。然后我们通过介绍物联网时代的几个关键优势来补充对信令层的理解。我们根据应用集成的层对现有的主要 ISAC 解决方案进行分类。最后，确定了一些挑战和机遇。我们希望这篇概述文章将作为新研究人员的主要起点，并提供对现有 ISAC 相关进展的鸟瞰图。