The inherent occurrence of slag "co-products" and its utilization during ferrous production are crucial for the industry to ensure greater sustainability. In this work, various research and technological developments to enhance the utilization of ferrous slag co-products and retrieval of thermal energy are reviewed. Ironmaking slag can be utilized as a substitute for cementitious additives or aggregates for construction use. Steelmaking slag contains significant amounts of Fe_tO, MnO and possibly toxic metal oxides, making them difficult for greater utilization. To minimize the ecological hazards and retrieve the value of steelmaking slag, proper treatments are necessary, including reductions of f-CaO (free lime), γ-Ca₂SiO₄, FeO, and stabilization of toxic metallic elements. In addition, a large amount of under-utilized thermal energy is present within the high-temperature slag but yet to be recovered. To save the thermal energy and retain the added value of slag, dry granulation could be an attractive and eco-friendly option. Among all the possible methods, centrifugal granulation is most economically and environmental beneficial, which is on the edge of industrialization with the potential to integrate with high-grade thermal energy recovery. Compared with the traditional heat carriers, the heat exchange and storage using thermochemical methods through endothermic reactions provides a potential for higher energy density and added values which is yet limited by the reaction kinetics. This work is expected to gain a thorough understanding of ferrous slag and shed light upon the future perspectives of zero waste concept, relieving the environmental burdens for the carbon neutral society in 2050.

炉渣“副产品”的固有存在及其在黑色金属生产过程中的利用对于该行业确保更大的可持续性至关重要。在这项工作中，回顾了各种研究和技术发展，以提高铁渣副产品的利用和热能的回收。炼铁矿渣可用作水泥添加剂或建筑用骨料的替代品。炼钢炉渣含有大量的 Fe _t O、MnO 和可能有毒的金属氧化物，使它们难以得到更大的利用。为了最大限度地减少生态危害并恢复炼钢渣的价值，必须进行适当的处​​理，包括减少f -CaO（游离石灰）、γ -Ca ₂ SiO₄、FeO 和有毒金属元素的稳定化。此外，高温炉渣中存在大量未充分利用的热能，但尚未回收。为了节省热能并保持炉渣的附加值，干法造粒可能是一种有吸引力且环保的选择。在所有可能的方法中，离心造粒是最经济和最环保的方法，处于工业化边缘，具有与高品位热能回收相结合的潜力。与传统的热载体相比，通过吸热反应使用热化学方法进行热交换和储存提供了更高的能量密度和附加值的潜力，但受到反应动力学的限制。