PURPOSE To describe the demographic characteristics and clinical course of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) in a Mexican-mestizo population. METHODS A retrospective observational and longitudinal study was performed in consecutive patients with the clinical diagnosis of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy seen at our institution. Initial and last follow-up best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp findings, and specular microscopy endothelial morphometric parameters were analyzed. RESULTS One hundred and two eyes belonging to 51 patients were included in the analysis. Median age at the time of diagnosis was 69 years (range, 25-87 years) with a female-to-male ratio of 3.3:1. Visual loss (40%) followed by glare (13.3%) and fluctuating matutine vision loss (13.3%) was the most common complaints at presentation. Regarding FECD staging, 65 (63.7%) were classified as stage-I FECD, 21 (20.6%) stage-II, and 15 (14.7%) as stage-III. A high percentage of eyes (44.1%) presented visual impairment ( ≤ 20/50) at presentation, and the presence of isolated corneal guttata was the most common stage of presentation (64%) at slit-lamp examination. While fifty-nine (57.8%) eyes did not require any medical or surgical management, 17 (16.7%) eyes were managed with hypertonic saline eyedrops alone or in combination with bandage contact lens, and 18 (17.6%) required corneal transplantation. Penetrating keratoplasty alone (8 eyes, 44.4%), or in combination with cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation (3 eyes, 16.7%), was the most frequent surgical technique performed. CONCLUSION Demographical characteristics of Fuchs dystrophy regarding age at presentation, gender distribution, and clinical stage at the time of diagnosis did not differ significantly from other international reports. Almost 20% of these patients will require keratoplasty during the disease, emphasizing the need for safer and more reproducible keratoplasty techniques.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥患者 Fuchs 角膜内皮营养不良的人口学特征和临床过程。

目的 描述墨西哥混血儿人群中 Fuchs 角膜内皮营养不良 (FECD) 的人口学特征和临床过程。方法 对在我们机构看到的临床诊断为 Fuchs 角膜内皮营养不良的连续患者进行回顾性观察和纵向研究。分析了初始和最后一次随访最佳矫正视力、裂隙灯检查结果和镜面显微镜内皮形态测量参数。结果 51 名患者的 102 只眼被纳入分析。诊断时的中位年龄为 69 岁（范围为 25-87 岁），女性与男性的比例为 3.3:1。视力下降（40%）其次是眩光（13.3%）和波动性视力下降（13.3%）是最常见的主诉。关于 FECD 分期，65 例 (63.7%) 被归类为 I 期 FECD，21 例 (20.6%) 被归类为 II 期，15 例 (14.7%) 被归为 III 期。高比例的眼睛 (44.1%) 在就诊时出现视力障碍 (≤20/50)，并且在裂隙灯检查中存在孤立的角膜牙胶是最常见的表现阶段 (64%)。虽然 59 只 (57.8%) 只眼睛不需要任何药物或手术治疗，但 17 只 (16.7%) 只眼睛单独使用高渗盐水眼药水或与绷带隐形眼镜联合使用，18 只 (17.6%) 只眼睛需要进行角膜移植。单独的穿透性角膜移植术（8 只眼，44.4%）或联合白内障摘除和人工晶状体植入术（3 只眼，16.7%）是最常见的手术技术。结论 Fuchs 营养不良的人口学特征与发病年龄、性别分布、诊断时的临床分期和其他国际报道没有显着差异。几乎 20% 的这些患者在疾病期间需要进行角膜移植，强调需要更安全和更可重复的角膜移植技术。