Multi-hazard accidents in process industries, which can cause more severe consequences compared to individual accidents, have gained growing attention from administrators and scholars in recent years. With the development of process industries and the expansion of the urban area, high-risk zones may emerge in densely populated areas. Accurate risk assessment of the multi-hazard accidents in process industries is essential for protecting properties, human life, and the environment. This study reviews past studies on the risk assessment of three types of multi-hazard accidents in process industries: Natech events, domino effects, and concurrent hazards. The development trends of risk assessment of multi-hazard accidents are analyzed and the research gasps of past research are identified. Based on the identified gaps in previous research, future perspectives on multi-hazard research in process industries are discussed. To improve the assessment methods for multi-hazard risks, more advanced basic models and applicative risk analysis methods are required. Considering multi-hazard interactions and other factors are also important for process plants against multi hazards. This study can potentially contribute to developing better risk assessment models of multi-hazard accidents and therefore safer and resilient process industries.

过程工业中的多危害事故与个别事故相比，其后果更为严重，近年来越来越受到管理人员和学者的关注。随着加工工业的发展和城市面积的扩大，人口稠密地区可能会出现高风险区。对过程工业中的多危害事故进行准确的风险评估对于保护财产、人类生命和环境至关重要。本研究回顾了以往对加工工业中三类多危害事故风险评估的研究：Natech 事件、多米诺骨牌效应和并发危害。分析了多危害事故风险评估的发展趋势，找出了以往研究的研究空白。基于先前研究中发现的差距，讨论了加工工业中多危害研究的未来前景。完善多灾种风险评估方法，需要更先进的基础模型和适用的风险分析方法。考虑多种危害的相互作用和其他因素对于加工厂抵御多种危害也很重要。这项研究可能有助于开发更好的多危害事故风险评估模型，从而开发更安全、更有弹性的过程工业。