The complexity of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which remains the leading cause of death worldwide, makes the current clinical pathway for cardiovascular risk assessment unsatisfactory, as there remains a substantial unexplained residual risk. Simultaneous assessment of a large number of plasma proteins may be a promising tool to further refine risk assessment, and lipoprotein-associated proteins have the potential to fill this gap. Technical advances now allow for high-throughput proteomic analysis in a reproducible and cost-effective manner. Proteomics has great potential to identify and quantify hundreds of candidate marker proteins in a sample and allows the translation from isolated lipoproteins to whole plasma, thus providing an individual multiplexed proteomic fingerprint. This narrative review describes the pathophysiological roles of atherogenic apoB-containing lipoproteins and the recent advances in their mass spectrometry-based proteomic characterization and quantitation for better refinement of CVD risk assessment.

中文翻译：

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心血管研究中含 apoB 脂蛋白的蛋白质组学研究：综合综述

心血管疾病 (CVD) 的复杂性仍然是全球死亡的主要原因，这使得目前心血管风险评估的临床路径不能令人满意，因为仍然存在大量无法解释的残留风险。同时评估大量血浆蛋白可能是进一步完善风险评估的有前途的工具，而脂蛋白相关蛋白有可能填补这一空白。技术进步现在允许以可重复且具有成本效益的方式进行高通量蛋白质组学分析。蛋白质组学具有识别和量化样品中数百种候选标记蛋白的巨大潜力，并允许将分离的脂蛋白转化为全血浆，从而提供单独的多重蛋白质组学指纹。