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Normalized pressure: a key variable to assess zebra mussel infestation in pressurized irrigation networks
Agricultural Water Management ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107300
Mario Morales-Hernández 1 , Enrique Playán 2 , Borja Latorre 2 , Francisco Montoya 3 , Cristina Madurga 4 , Alejandro Sánchez de Rivera 4 , Nery Zapata 2
Affiliation  

The impact of zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) colonization on pressurized irrigation systems is becoming important in many areas of the world. If the infestation is not controlled, the conveyance capacity of the network reduces and mussels can completely block the system, preventing irrigation. A methodology to assess zebra mussel infestation in collective pressurized networks based on monitorization and hydraulic simulation is developed in this research. Normalized pressure, defined as the difference between simulated and measured pressure, is an indicator of the presence of zebra mussels (Morales-Hernández et al., 2018). When this variable is combined with the distributed discharge of the irrigation network, it is possible to use an optimization procedure to produce a roughness map of network pipelines. Roughness in excess of that characteristic of the pipeline material can be directly associated zebra mussel infestation. Different objective functions, optimization algorithms and strategies are proposed in this work, with the aim of attaining constant discharge-independent normalized pressure at each observation point in the network. Roughness values under different pipe conditions, reproducing levels of zebra mussel infestation, were experimentally obtained at a reference laboratory. The limitations and uncertainties of the proposed methodology are discussed. Normalized pressure was validated in an irrigation network belonging to a water users association, using continuous data recorded at different observation points during a complete irrigation campaign. The non-invasive hydraulic method has been designed to identify infested areas in real time and to optimize the chemical treatments controlling mussel development



中文翻译:

标准化压力:评估加压灌溉网络中斑马贻贝侵染的关键变量

斑马贻贝(Dreissena polymorpha)的影响) 加压灌溉系统的殖民化在世界许多地区变得越来越重要。如果虫害得不到控制,网络的输送能力就会降低,贻贝会完全阻塞系统,阻止灌溉。本研究开发了一种基于监测和水力模拟的集体加压网络中斑马贻贝侵扰评估方法。归一化压力,定义为模拟压力和测量压力之间的差异,是斑马贻贝存在的指标(Morales-Hernández 等人,2018 年)。当该变量与灌溉网络的分布式流量相结合时,可以使用优化程序来生成网络管道的粗糙度图。超过管道材料特性的粗糙度可能与斑马贻贝感染直接相关。在这项工作中提出了不同的目标函数、优化算法和策略,目的是在网络中的每个观察点获得恒定的与排放无关的归一化压力。在参考实验室通过实验获得了不同管道条件下的粗糙度值,再现了斑马贻贝感染的水平。讨论了所提议方法的局限性和不确定性。标准化压力在属于用水者协会的灌溉网络中得到验证,使用在完整灌溉活动期间在不同观察点记录的连续数据。

更新日期:2021-11-07
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