The analysis of recurrent events in the presence of terminal events requires special attention. Several approaches have been suggested for such analyses either using intensity models or marginal models. When analysing treatment effects on recurrent events in controlled trials, special attention should be paid to competing deaths and their impact on interpretation. This paper proposes a method that formulates a marginal model for recurrent events and terminal events simultaneously. Estimation is based on pseudo-observations for both the expected number of events and survival probabilities. Various relevant hypothesis tests in the framework are explored. Theoretical derivations and simulation studies are conducted to investigate the behaviour of the method. The method is applied to two real data examples. The bivariate marginal pseudo-observation model carries the strength of a two-dimensional modelling procedure and performs well in comparison with available models. Finally, an extension to a three-dimensional model, which decomposes the terminal event per death cause, is proposed and exemplified.

在存在终端事件的情况下分析重复事件需要特别注意。已经针对使用强度模型或边际模型的此类分析提出了几种方法。在对照试验中分析治疗对复发事件的影响时，应特别注意竞争性死亡及其对解释的影响。本文提出了一种同时为重复事件和终止事件制定边际模型的方法。估计基于对预期事件数和生存概率的伪观察。探索了框架中的各种相关假设检验。进行理论推导和模拟研究以研究该方法的行为。方法_应用于两个真实数据示例。双变量边缘伪观测模型具有二维建模程序的优势，与现有模型相比表现良好。最后，提出并举例说明了一个三维模型的扩展，该模型根据死亡原因分解了最终事件。