The goal of assessing psychosocial stress as a process and outcome in naturalistic (i.e., field) settings is applicable across the social, biological, and health sciences. Meaningful measurement of biology-in-context is, however, far from simple or straightforward. In this brief methods review, we introduce theoretical framings, methodological conventions, and ethical concerns around field-collection of markers of psychosocial stress that have emerged from 50 years of research at the intersection of anthropology and human biology. Highlighting measures of psychosocial stress outcomes most often used in biocultural studies, we identify the circumstances under which varied measures are most appropriately applied and provide examples of the types of cutting-edge research questions these measures can address. We explain that field-based psychosocial stress measures embedded in different body systems are neither equivalent nor interchangeable, but this recognition strengthens the study of stress as always simultaneously cultural and biological, situated in local ecologies, social–political structures, and time.

将社会心理压力评估为自然（即现场）环境中的过程和结果的目标适用于社会、生物和健康科学。然而，对上下文生物学进行有意义的测量远非简单或直接。在这篇简短的方法回顾中，我们围绕人类学和人类生物学交叉领域 50 年的研究中出现的心理社会压力标记的实地收集，介绍了理论框架、方法论惯例和伦理问题。强调生物文化研究中最常使用的社会心理压力结果的措施，我们确定了最合适应用各种措施的情况，并提供了这些措施可以解决的前沿研究问题类型的例子。