Though not having children is no longer as unusual as it once was, voluntary childlessness is still a controversial choice that might generate moral outrage against people who choose not to have children. The current study explored the associated factors related to the attitudes towards voluntary childlessness in a sample of 418 adults aged 18 to 82 (M = 28.94, SD = 12.63, 76.1% females). Specifically, we investigated the links between participants’ attitudes toward benevolent and hostile sexism, religiosity, and a series of demographic variables (i.e., age, gender, education, relationship status, and parental status). Based on previous related literature, we hypothesized that sexism would mediate the relationship between religiosity and voluntary childlessness. Results suggested that older and married participants with children had more negative attitudes related to voluntary childlessness. Additionally, overall sexism and its two dimensions (hostile and benevolent sexism) partially mediated the relationship between religiosity and attitudes towards voluntary childlessness. The practical implications of these results are discussed in light of Romania’s cultural and socio-economic context, a post-communist country and the most religious state in Europe.

虽然不生孩子不再像以前那样不寻常，但自愿不生仍然是一个有争议的选择，可能会引起对选择不生孩子的人的道德愤怒。目前的研究在 418 名 18 至 82 岁的成年人样本中探讨了与自愿无子女态度相关的相关因素（M  = 28.94，SD = 12.63，76.1% 的女性）。具体而言，我们调查了参与者对仁慈和敌对性别歧视的态度、宗教信仰和一系列人口统计变量（即年龄、性别、教育、关系状况和父母状况）之间的联系。根据之前的相关文献，我们假设性别歧视会在宗教信仰和自愿无子女之间的关系中起到中介作用。结果表明，有孩子的年长和已婚参与者对自愿无子女的态度更为消极。此外，整体性别歧视及其两个维度（敌意和仁慈的性别歧视）在一定程度上调节了宗教信仰与对自愿无子女的态度之间的关系。根据罗马尼亚的文化和社会经济背景讨论了这些结果的实际影响，