As global and local actors seek to address climate concerns, municipalities, regions, and countries are developing policies for the built environment to reach carbon neutrality. In most cases, however, current policies target new construction and operational carbon emissions only, thus omitting the significant carbon emission saving potential resulting from the reactivation of embodied carbon in existing buildings. This article describes the development of a high-resolution combined building stock model (BSM) and building energy model (BEM) on both building and urban scale using all residential buildings of Ithaca, NY, USA as a case study. The model offers a holistic, detailed and local perspective on operational and embodied carbon emissions, associated saving potentials at both the building and urban scale, and the linkages, trade-offs and synergies between buildings and energy use as a basis for decision-making.

A circular economy (CE) in construction posited on the reuse and recycling of existing building materials, necessitates a detailed material inventory of the current building stock. However, the scale and nature of this endeavor preclude traditional survey methods. The modeling process described in this article instead engages a bottom-up data aggregation and analysis approach that combines detailed construction archetypes (CAs) and publicly available, higher-level municipal geospatial data with building metadata defining occupancy and systems to create an autogenerated, detailed 3D geometry. The resulting BSM and BEM can simulate both embodied carbon content and operational carbon emissions of individual buildings within a municipal study with minimal required input data and a feasible computational effort. This provides modelers with a new spatial and geometric fidelity to simulate holistic renewal efforts, and inform carbon neutrality policies and incentives towards the decarbonization of the built environment.

随着全球和地方参与者寻求解决气候问题，市政当局、地区和国家正在制定建筑环境政策，以实现碳中和。然而，在大多数情况下，当前的政策仅针对新建筑和运营的碳排放，因此忽略了重新激活现有建筑中的隐含碳所带来的显着的碳减排潜力。本文以美国纽约州伊萨卡市的所有住宅建筑为例，介绍了在建筑和城市尺度上开发高分辨率建筑存量模型 (BSM) 和建筑能源模型 (BEM) 的过程。该模型提供了关于运营和隐含碳排放、建筑和城市规模的相关节能潜力以及联系的整体、详细和本地视角，

建筑中的循环经济 (CE) 以现有建筑材料的再利用和回收为基础，需要对当前建筑存量进行详细的材料清单。然而，这种努力的规模和性质排除了传统的调查方法。本文中描述的建模过程采用自下而上的数据聚合和分析方法，该方法将详细的建筑原型 (CA) 和公开可用的更高级别的市政地理空间数据与定义占用率和系统的建筑元数据相结合，以创建自动生成的详细 3D几何学。由此产生的 BSM 和 BEM 可以模拟市政研究中单个建筑物的隐含碳含量和运营碳排放，所需的输入数据最少，计算工作可行。