Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an essential food security crop in Afghanistan. To determine the contribution of wheat breeding to increasing productivity, we analyzed data obtained from 192 trials conducted over 11 locations from 2002–2003 to 2015–2016. Using this data, we estimated annual genetic gains for grain yield, days to heading and plant height over the 14-yr period. We used best linear unbiased estimates to measure genetic gains across CIMMYT Elite Spring Wheat Yield Trials per se and for the top 5 and top 10% performing genotypes relative to checks. Mean realized genetic gain for grain yield was 115 kg ha^–1 yr⁻¹, whereas the top 10 genotypes achieved annual yield gains of 123 kg ha^–1. The continually replaced local check

中文翻译：

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植物育种提高了阿富汗春小麦的产量潜力

小麦 ( Triticum aestivum L.) 是阿富汗必不可少的粮食安全作物。为了确定小麦育种对提高生产力的贡献，我们分析了 2002-2003 年至 2015-2016 年间在 11 个地点进行的 192 项试验获得的数据。利用这些数据，我们估计了 14 年期间谷物产量、抽穗天数和株高的年度遗传增益。我们使用最佳线性无偏估计来衡量 CIMMYT Elite 春小麦产量试验本身的遗传增益，以及相对于检查的前 5 和前 10% 的执行基因型。谷物产量的平均实现遗传增益为 115 kg ha ^-1 yr ^-1，而前 10 个基因型的年产量增益为 123 kg ha ^-1。不断更换的本地检查