Pediatricians had higher rates of ordering pediatric cholesterol screening than family medicine (FM) clinicians. This study aims to compare knowledge, attitude, and practices of clinicians' pediatric cholesterol screening practices and attitudes between these two specialties. A 14-item electronic survey using Likert scales was sent to all clinicians in the institution's Departments of Pediatrics and FM between 2018 and 2019. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare pediatricians and FM clinicians. 22 clinicians from Pediatrics and 111 from FM completed the survey. Compared to FM clinicians, pediatricians were more familiar with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute guidelines, which are more vigorous in their recommendation of universal cholesterol screening. Pediatricians reported being more supportive of universal cholesterol screening in children (p < 0.05). In practice, pediatricians reported screening almost two thirds (64.8%) of eligible patients during the past year, while FM clinicians reported screening approximately one third (34.1%) of eligible patients (p < 0.001). Pediatricians were more likely to screen based on patient-specific risk factors and their practice decisions were more heavily influenced by published guidelines, institutional education, availability of non-fasting blood to be used for screening, and the availability of an institutional pediatric lipid clinic (p < 0.05). The differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cholesterol screening may contribute to different screening rates among clinicians from FM and pediatrics. To improve patient care and reduce gaps, it is important to implement interventions at the institutional level as well as to adopt uniform guideline recommendations at the national level.

中文翻译：

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关于儿科胆固醇筛查建议的做法和态度在儿科医生和家庭医学临床医生之间有所不同。

儿科医生比家庭医学 (FM) 临床医生订购儿科胆固醇筛查的比率更高。本研究旨在比较临床医生对儿科胆固醇筛查实践的知识、态度和实践以及这两个专业之间的态度。2018 年至 2019 年期间，向该机构儿科和 FM 部门的所有临床医生发送了使用李克特量表的 14 项电子调查。卡方和 t 检验用于比较儿科医生和 FM 临床医生。来自儿科的 22 名临床医生和来自 FM 的 111 名临床医生完成了调查。与 FM 临床医生相比，儿科医生更熟悉国家心肺血液研究所指南，这些指南在建议普遍进行胆固醇筛查时更有力度。儿科医生报告更支持儿童普遍进行胆固醇筛查（p < 0.05）。在实践中，儿科医生报告在过去一年中筛查了近三分之二 (64.8%) 的合格患者，而 FM 临床医生报告筛查了约三分之一 (34.1%) 的合格患者 (p < 0.001)。儿科医生更有可能根据患者特定的风险因素进行筛查，他们的实践决定更受已发布的指南、机构教育、用于筛查的非空腹血液的可用性以及机构儿科脂质诊所的可用性的影响。 p < 0.05)。胆固醇筛查知识、态度和实践的差异可能导致 FM 和儿科临床医生的筛查率不同。