Jouissance is one of Jacques Lacan’s most impenetrable concepts. Yet it is essential to Lacan’s view of sex. The term is sometimes translated as “enjoyment,” but this misses key features of the concept, notably its “traumatic,” excessive character. This excess points to a structural negativity within the subject (i.e., the real), an original split that cannot be remedied. In this first of a series of three papers, it is proposed that “surplus prediction error”—as understood within contemporary neuropsychoanalysis—is a neural correlate for jouissance. In part 1, jouissance is explicated within Lacanian metapsychology, primarily in reference to Lacan’s real and symbolic registers. Jouissance is an excess enjoyment, outside of the binding, representational capacities of language. The real is the negativity or antagonism within the symbolic, the limit of language and meaning, the point where jouissance emerges. To clarify the relationships among these terms, their positions are traced in some of Freud’s major concepts, including drive, infantile sexuality, repetition, and the unconscious. A basic understanding of jouissance is necessary for the rest of this Lacanian neuropsychoanalytic project.

享乐是雅克·拉康最难以理解的概念之一。然而，它对拉康的性观点来说是必不可少的。该术语有时被翻译为“享受”，但这忽略了该概念的关键特征，尤其是其“创伤性”、过度的特征。这种过度指向主体（即真实的）内部的结构性否定性，这是一种无法补救的原始分裂。在这三篇系列论文的第一篇中，提出了“剩余预测误差”——正如当代神经精神分析中所理解的那样——是享乐的神经相关性。在第 1 部分中，享乐在拉康的元心理学中得到了解释，主要是参照拉康的真实和象征语域。享乐是一种超出语言约束性和表征能力的过度享受。真实是象征中的否定或对抗，语言和意义的限制，享乐出现的点。为了澄清这些术语之间的关系，他们在弗洛伊德的一些主要概念中的位置进行了追溯，包括驱动力、婴儿性行为、重复和无意识。对于这个拉康神经精神分析项目的其余部分，对享乐的基本理解是必要的。