Employing natural cells as drug carriers has been a hotspot in recent years, attributing to their biocompatibility and inherent dynamic properties. In the earlier stage, cells were mainly used as vehicles by virtue of their lipid-delimited compartmentalized structures and native membrane proteins. The scope emphasis was ‘what cell displays’ instead of ‘how cell changes’. More recently, the dynamic behaviours, such as changes in surface protein patterns, morphologies, polarities and in-situ generation of therapeutics, of natural cells have drawn more attention for developing advanced drug delivery systems by fully taking advantage of these processes. In this review, we revolve around the dynamic cellular transformation behaviours which facilitate targeted therapy. Cellular deformation in geometry shape, spitting smaller vesicles, activation of antigen present cells, polarization between distinct phenotypes, local production of therapeutics, and hybridization with synthetic materials are involved. Other than focusing on the traditional delivery of concrete cargoes, more functional ‘handles’ that are derived from the cells themselves are introduced, such as information exchange, cellular communication and interactions between cell and extracellular environment.

近年来，利用天然细胞作为药物载体一直是热点，这归因于它们的生物相容性和固有的动态特性。在早期阶段，细胞主要凭借其脂质分隔的分隔结构和天然膜蛋白被用作载体。范围重点是“单元格显示什么”而不是“单元格如何变化”。最近，动态行为，例如表面蛋白质模式、形态、极性和原位的变化通过充分利用这些过程来开发先进的药物输送系统，自然细胞的治疗剂的产生引起了更多关注。在这篇综述中，我们围绕促进靶向治疗的动态细胞转化行为展开。涉及几何形状的细胞变形、吐出更小的囊泡、抗原呈递细胞的激活、不同表型之间的极化、治疗剂的局部生产以及与合成材料的杂交。除了专注于传统的混凝土货物运输之外，还引入了源自细胞本身的更多功能“把手”，例如信息交换、细胞通讯以及细胞与细胞外环境之间的相互作用。