Multiparous Rambouillet ewes (n = 32) were allocated in a completely randomized design to determine if rumen-protected L-arginine (RP-Arg) supplementation during mid- and late gestation would 1) alter maternal carotid artery hemodynamics and 2) affect circulating amino acids associated with arginine metabolism in dams from day 54 of gestation to parturition and in their offspring from birth to 54 d of age. Ewes were assigned to one of three treatments from day 54 ± 3.9 to parturition: control (CON; 100% nutrient requirements), restricted (RES; 60% of CON), and RES plus 180 mg RP-Arg•kg BW-1•d1 (RES-ARG). Ewes were penned individually in a temperature-controlled facility. Carotid artery hemodynamics was measured via Doppler ultrasound at day 50 and 130 of gestation. Maternal serum was collected at day 54 and 138 of gestation and at parturition. At parturition, lambs were immediately removed from their dams and reared independently. Lamb serum samples were collected at birth and 1, 3, 7, 33, and 54 d of age. Pulsatility index was the only hemodynamic measurement altered by dietary treatment, where day 130 measurements were greater (P ≤ 0.04) for RES and RES-ARG compared with CON. The change in pulsatility index was greater (P < 0.01) for RES compared with CON but tended to be intermediate (P ≥ 0.12) for RES-ARG. Maternal serum Arg, Cit, and Asp at day 138 were greater (P < 0.01) for CON compared with RES and RES-ARG; serum Orn at day 138 was greater (P = 0.04) for CON compared with RES. Maternal serum Cit at parturition was greater (P ≤ 0.03) for CON and RES-ARG compared with RES. Offspring serum Arg was affected by a maternal treatment by day of age interaction (P = 0.03), where at day 3, CON and RES-ARG had greater (P ≤ 0.03) serum Arg concentrations than RES, and at day 54, RES-ARG was greater than (P = 0.002) CON and RES was intermediate and did not differ from (P ≥ 0.09) CON and RES-ARG. Offspring serum Orn and Cit were less (P ≤ 0.03) for RES and RES-ARG compared with CON. Results indicate that distal tissue blood perfusion decreased due to maternal RES, and RES-ARG was able to improve perfusion but not to the level of CON ewes. Further, maternal RP-Arg altered offspring Arg and related amino acid concentrations during the postnatal period.

中文翻译：

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母体营养和瘤胃保护精氨酸补充对母羊及后代母体颈动脉血流动力学和循环氨基酸的影响

多产 Rambouillet 母羊 (n = 32) 被分配到一个完全随机的设计中，以确定在妊娠中期和晚期补充瘤胃保护的 L-精氨酸 (RP-Arg) 是否会 1) 改变母体颈动脉血流动力学和 2) 影响循环氨基从妊娠第 54 天到分娩，以及在它们的后代中，从出生到 54 天，与精氨酸代谢相关的酸。从第 54 ± 3.9 天到分娩，母羊被分配到三种处理中的一种：对照（CON；100% 营养需求）、限制（RES；CON 的 60%）和 RES 加 180 mg RP-Arg•kg BW-1• d1 (RES-ARG)。母羊被单独圈养在温度受控的设施中。在妊娠第 50 天和第 130 天通过多普勒超声测量颈动脉血流动力学。在妊娠第 54 天和第 138 天以及分娩时采集母体血清。分娩时，羔羊立即从大坝中取出并独立饲养。在出生时和第 1、3、7、33 和 54 天时收集羔羊血清样本。脉动指数是唯一因饮食治疗而改变的血流动力学测量值，其中 RES 和 RES-ARG 的第 130 天测量值大于 CON（P ≤ 0.04）。与 CON 相比，RES 的搏动指数变化更大（P < 0.01），但 RES-ARG 的变化趋于中等（P ≥ 0.12）。与 RES 和 RES-ARG 相比，CON 在第 138 天的母体血清 Arg、Cit 和 Asp 更高（P < 0.01）；与 RES 相比，CON 在第 138 天的血清 Orn 更高（P = 0.04）。与 RES 相比，CON 和 RES-ARG 的产妇血清 Cit 在分娩时更高（P ≤ 0.03）。后代血清 ​​Arg 受母体治疗的影响（P = 0.03），其中在第 3 天，CON 和 RES-ARG 的血清精氨酸浓度高于 (P ≤ 0.03) RES，在第 54 天，RES-ARG 高于 (P = 0.002) CON 和 RES 处于中间值，与 ( P ≥ 0.09) CON 和 RES-ARG。与 CON 相比，RES 和 RES-ARG 的后代血清 ​​Orn 和 Cit 较少（P ≤ 0.03）。结果表明，由于母体 RES，远端组织的血液灌注减少，RES-ARG 能够改善灌注，但不能达到 CON 母羊的水平。此外，母体 RP-Arg 在产后期间改变了后代 Arg 和相关氨基酸浓度。03) 将 RES 和 RES-ARG 与 CON 进行比较。结果表明，由于母体 RES，远端组织的血液灌注减少，RES-ARG 能够改善灌注，但不能达到 CON 母羊的水平。此外，母体 RP-Arg 在产后期间改变了后代 Arg 和相关氨基酸浓度。03) 将 RES 和 RES-ARG 与 CON 进行比较。结果表明，由于母体 RES，远端组织的血液灌注减少，RES-ARG 能够改善灌注，但不能达到 CON 母羊的水平。此外，母体 RP-Arg 在产后期间改变了后代 Arg 和相关氨基酸浓度。