In infrared optical wireless communications, narrow beams require the perfect calibration of the base station (BS) and user terminal (UT), which cannot support multiple moving users. This paper proposes a fiber lens based optical antenna, which employs a fiber unit array and a transmit lens to generate multiple beams, achieving full beam coverage. Specifically, we first design a fiber lens to extend the spreading angle of the emitted lights. We employ the wave optics to analyze the characteristic of the fiber lens and use the geometric optics to design the parameters of the lens. With the fiber lens, we then design the optical antenna consisting of a hexagonal fiber unit array and a transmit lens. Each fiber unit generates a beam to a specific direction and different fiber units irradiate different directions. All the generated beams can fully cover the communication area. Thus, the BS has the potential to support multi-user communication via multiple beams. Simulation results verify the performance of the designed fiber lens and the optical antenna achieving full beam coverage.

中文翻译：

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基于光纤透镜的 OWC 全波束覆盖光学天线设计

在红外光无线通信中，窄波束需要基站（BS）和用户终端（UT）的完美校准，无法支持多个移动用户。本文提出了一种基于光纤透镜的光学天线，它采用光纤单元阵列和发射透镜来产生多波束，实现全波束覆盖。具体来说，我们首先设计了一个光纤透镜来扩展发射光的扩散角。我们利用波动光学来分析光纤透镜的特性，并利用几何光学来设计透镜的参数。使用光纤透镜，我们设计了由六边形光纤单元阵列和发射透镜组成的光学天线。每个光纤单元产生一个特定方向的光束，不同的光纤单元照射不同的方向。所有产生的波束可以完全覆盖通信区域。因此，BS 有可能通过多个波束支持多用户通信。仿真结果验证了设计的光纤透镜和光学天线实现全波束覆盖的性能。