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Discovery of Modified Amidate (ProTide) Prodrugs of Tenofovir with Enhanced Antiviral Properties
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-29 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01444
Filip Kalčic 1, 2 , Michala Zgarbová 1 , Jan Hodek 1 , Karel Chalupský 1 , Martin Dračínský 1 , Alexandra Dvořáková 1 , Timotej Strmeň 1 , Jaroslav Šebestík 1 , Ondřej Baszczyňski 1, 2 , Jan Weber 1 , Helena Mertlíková-Kaiserová 1 , Zlatko Janeba 1
Affiliation  

This study describes the discovery of novel prodrugs bearing tyrosine derivatives instead of the phenol moiety present in FDA-approved tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF). The synthesis was optimized to afford diastereomeric mixtures of novel prodrugs in one pot (yields up to 86%), and the epimers were resolved using a chiral HPLC column into fast-eluting and slow-eluting epimers. In human lymphocytes, the most efficient tyrosine-based prodrug reached a single-digit picomolar EC50 value against HIV-1 and nearly 300-fold higher selectivity index (SI) compared to TAF. In human hepatocytes, the most efficient prodrugs exhibited subnanomolar EC50 values for HBV and up to 26-fold higher SI compared to TAF. Metabolic studies demonstrated markedly higher cellular uptake of the prodrugs and substantially higher levels of released tenofovir inside the cells compared to TAF. These promising results provide a strong foundation for further evaluation of the reported prodrugs and their potential utility in the development of highly potent antivirals.

中文翻译:

发现具有增强抗病毒特性的替诺福韦修饰的酰胺酸酯 (ProTide) 前药

本研究描述了发现含有酪氨酸衍生物而不是 FDA 批准的富马酸替诺福韦艾拉酚胺 (TAF) 中存在的苯酚部分的新型前药。优化合成以在一锅中提供新型前药的非对映异构体混合物(产率高达 86%),并使用手性 HPLC 柱将差向异构体拆分为快速洗脱和慢速洗脱差向异构体。在人类淋巴细胞中,最有效的基于酪氨酸的前药对 HIV-1 的 EC 50值达到个位数皮摩尔,与 TAF 相比,选择性指数 (SI) 高近 300 倍。在人类肝细胞中,最有效的前药表现出亚纳摩尔 EC 50与 TAF 相比,HBV 的值和 SI 高出 26 倍。代谢研究表明,与 TAF 相比,前药的细胞摄取显着更高,细胞内释放的替诺福韦水平显着更高。这些有希望的结果为进一步评估报告的前药及其在开发高效抗病毒药物中的潜在用途提供了坚实的基础。
更新日期:2021-11-25
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