Using a multi-sector model of human and natural systems, we find that the nationwide cost from state-varying climate policy in the United States is only one-tenth higher than that of nationally uniform policy. The benefits of state-led action — leadership, experimentation and the practical reality that states implement policy more reliably than the federal government — do not necessarily come with a high economic cost.

中文翻译：

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为了实现美国排放量的大幅削减，国家驱动的政策仅比全国统一政策略贵

使用人类和自然系统的多部门模型，我们发现美国因州而异的气候政策在全国范围内的成本仅比全国统一政策高出十分之一。国家主导行动的好处——领导力、试验以及各州比联邦政府更可靠地执行政策的实际现实——并不一定伴随着高昂的经济成本。