当前位置: X-MOL 学术Nature › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Global potential for harvesting drinking water from air using solar energy
Nature ( IF 50.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-27 , DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03900-w
Jackson Lord 1 , Ashley Thomas 1 , Neil Treat 1 , Matthew Forkin 1 , Robert Bain 2 , Pierre Dulac 3 , Cyrus H Behroozi 1 , Tilek Mamutov 1 , Jillia Fongheiser 1 , Nicole Kobilansky 1 , Shane Washburn 1 , Claudia Truesdell 1 , Clare Lee 1 , Philipp H Schmaelzle 1
Affiliation  

Access to safely managed drinking water (SMDW) remains a global challenge, and affects 2.2 billion people1,2. Solar-driven atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) devices with continuous cycling may accelerate progress by enabling decentralized extraction of water from air3,4,5,6, but low specific yields (SY) and low daytime relative humidity (RH) have raised questions about their performance (in litres of water output per day)7,8,9,10,11. However, to our knowledge, no analysis has mapped the global potential of AWH12 despite favourable conditions in tropical regions, where two-thirds of people without SMDW live2. Here we show that AWH could provide SMDW for a billion people. Our assessment—using Google Earth Engine13—introduces a hypothetical 1-metre-square device with a SY profile of 0.2 to 2.5 litres per kilowatt-hour (0.1 to 1.25 litres per kilowatt-hour for a 2-metre-square device) at 30% to 90% RH, respectively. Such a device could meet a target average daily drinking water requirement of 5 litres per day per person14. We plot the impact potential of existing devices and new sorbent classes, which suggests that these targets could be met with continued technological development, and well within thermodynamic limits. Indeed, these performance targets have been achieved experimentally in demonstrations of sorbent materials15,16,17. Our tools can inform design trade-offs for atmospheric water harvesting devices that maximize global impact, alongside ongoing efforts to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with existing technologies.



中文翻译:

利用太阳能从空气中获取饮用水的全球潜力

获得安全管理的饮用水 (SMDW) 仍然是一项全球性挑战,影响着 22 亿人1,2。具有连续循环的太阳能驱动大气集水 (AWH) 设备可以通过从空气中分散提取水来加速进展3,4,5,6,但低比产量 (SY) 和低日间相对湿度 (RH) 提出了问题关于他们的表现(以每天的升水量为单位)7,8,9,10,11。然而,据我们所知,尽管热带地区条件有利,但没有分析显示 AWH 12的全球潜力,那里三分之二没有 SMDW 的人生活2. 在这里,我们展示了 AWH 可以为 10 亿人提供 SMDW。我们的评估(使用 Google Earth Engine 13)介绍了一个假设的 1 平方米设备,其 SY 剖面为每千瓦时 0.2 到 2.5 升(对于 2 平方米的设备,每千瓦时 0.1 到 1.25 升)分别为 30% 至 90% 相对湿度。这种设备可以满足每人每天 5 升的目标平均每日饮用水需求14。我们绘制了现有设备和新吸附剂类别的影响潜力,这表明这些目标可以通过持续的技术发展来实现,并且在热力学限制范围内。事实上,这些性能目标已经在吸附材料的演示中通过实验实现了15,16,17. 我们的工具可以为最大化全球影响的大气集水设备的设计权衡提供信息,同时通过现有技术实现可持续发展目标 (SDG) 的持续努力。

更新日期:2021-10-27
down
wechat
bug