Background and objectives

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) refers to a group of symptoms linked to the menstrual cycle. Women with PMS have cognitive mode of rumination, which leads to their attention bias to emotional stimuli. This study investigated the biases for emotional information in women with high premenstrual symptoms (HPMS) compared with women with low premenstrual symptoms (LPMS).

Methods

A total of 38 women with HPMS and 44 women with LPMS completed self-report questionnaires and a free viewing task with eye-tracking technology.

Results

The questionnaire results indicate that women in the HPMS group had higher levels of rumination than those in the LPMS group. The eye-tracking results show that women in the HPMS group had an orientation bias towards negative emotional stimuli in the early cognitive process. In the late cognitive process, women in the HPMS group had accelerated attentional disengagement to positive emotional stimuli and difficult attentional disengagement to negative emotional stimuli. Further correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between the scores of initial fixation latency bias of positive pictures in premenstrual phase and the scores of symptom rumination in both groups and between the scores of initial fixation latency bias of positive pictures in premenstrual phase and the scores of brooding in HPMS group.

Limitations

This study used a retrospective questionnaire to assess the symptoms of PMS.

Conclusions

Women with HPMS had impaired attentional engagement and disengagement to emotional stimuli compared with women with LPMS, and it may be related to their cognitive mode of rumination.

中文翻译：

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高经前症状女性对情绪刺激的注意力偏向的眼动模式

背景和目标

经前综合症（PMS）是指一组与月经周期相关的症状。患有 PMS 的女性具有反刍的认知模式，这导致她们的注意力偏向于情绪刺激。本研究调查了高经前症状 (HPMS) 女性与低经前症状 (LPMS) 女性的情绪信息偏差。

方法

共有 38 名 HPMS 女性和 44 名 LPMS 女性完成了自我报告问卷和眼动追踪技术的免费观看任务。

结果

问卷调查结果表明，HPMS 组女性的反刍思维水平高于 LPMS 组女性。眼动追踪结果表明，HPMS 组的女性在早期认知过程中对负面情绪刺激存在定向偏差。在晚期认知过程中，HPMS 组的女性对积极情绪刺激的注意力加速脱离，而对消极情绪刺激的注意力难以脱离。进一步的相关性分析显示，两组经前期阳性图片的初始注视潜伏期得分与症状反刍得分呈正相关，经前期阳性图的初始注视潜伏期偏倚得分与经前期的沉思得分呈正相关。 HPMS 组。

限制

本研究使用回顾性问卷来评估经前综合症的症状。

结论

与 LPMS 女性相比，HPMS 女性的注意力参与和对情绪刺激的脱离受损，这可能与她们的反刍认知模式有关。