Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Sodium-Ion Batteries,ACS Energy Letters

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Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Sodium-Ion Batteries
ACS Energy Letters ( IF 19.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-26 , DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c01868
Dewen Hou _{1,

2} , Dawei Xia ₃ , Eric Gabriel ₁ , Joshua A Russell ₁ , Kincaid Graff ₁ , Yang Ren ₄ , Cheng-Jun Sun ₄ , Feng Lin ₃ , Yuzi Liu ₂ , Hui Xiong _{1,

5}

Affiliation

As a promising alternative to the market-leading lithium-ion batteries, low-cost sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are attractive for applications such as large-scale electrical energy storage systems. The energy density, cycling life, and rate performance of SIBs are fundamentally dependent on dynamic physiochemical reactions, structural change, and morphological evolution. Therefore, it is essential to holistically understand SIBs reaction processes, degradation mechanisms, and thermal/mechanical behaviors in complex working environments. The recent developments of advanced in situ and operando characterization enable the establishment of the structure–processing–property–performance relationship in SIBs under operating conditions. This Review summarizes significant recent progress in SIBs exploiting in situ and operando techniques based on X-ray and electron analyses at different time and length scales. Through the combination of spectroscopy, imaging, and diffraction, local and global changes in SIBs can be elucidated for improving materials design. The fundamental principles and state-of-the-art capabilities of different techniques are presented, followed by elaborative discussions of major challenges and perspectives.

中文翻译：

钠离子电池的时空分析

作为市场领先的锂离子电池的有前途的替代品，低成本钠离子电池（SIB）对于大型电能存储系统等应用具有吸引力。 SIB的能量密度、循环寿命和倍率性能从根本上取决于动态物理化学反应、结构变化和形态演化。因此，全面了解复杂工作环境中SIB的反应过程、降解机制和热/机械行为至关重要。先进的原位和操作表征的最新发展使得能够在操作条件下建立SIB的结构-加工-性能-性能关系。本综述总结了 SIB 在利用基于不同时间和长度尺度的 X 射线和电子分析的原位和操作技术方面取得的重大进展。通过结合光谱、成像和衍射，可以阐明 SIB 的局部和全局变化，以改进材料设计。介绍了不同技术的基本原理和最先进的功能，然后对主要挑战和观点进行了详细讨论。

更新日期：2021-11-12

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