Insecticide resistance survey is an in-situ biomonitoring method to assess potential impact of pesticides that exhibit direct economic consequences when leading to control failure of insect pest species. Nonetheless, the latter phenomenon is frequently neglected. Their spatial dependence and mapping are also seldom considered and when complexes of related pest species are involved, such as the rice stink bugs from the Neotropics, Oebalus poecilus, and O. ypsilongriseus, the scenario is even worst. Insecticide use is common against both species, particularly with the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam, and despite suspicion of a shift in O. poecilus historical dominance and complaints of control failure, the role of this insecticide in this context was never tested. Thus, we screened populations from both species for thiamethoxam resistance within rice fields from central Brazil. The levels of thiamethoxam resistance and control failure likelihood were recorded and their spatial dependence was tested and geographically mapped. The thiamethoxam potency was similar between species, which also exhibited overlapping levels of resistance. Thus, this insecticide does not seem involved in eventual shifts in species dominance and the occurrence of O. ypsilongriseus is frequent. Thiamethoxam resistance was detected in both species, nearly half of the populations of O. poecilus and about a third of O. ypsilongriseus, but at low levels (< ten-fold). As a consequence, the risk of control failure with thiamethoxam was also low. Spatial dependence was significant for both species and phenomena (i.e., thiamethoxam resistance and control failure), prevailing in about the same area and likely reflecting the local pattern of insecticide use.

杀虫剂抗性调查是一种原位生物监测方法，用于评估在导致害虫物种控制失败时表现出直接经济后果的杀虫剂的潜在影响。尽管如此，后一种现象经常被忽视。它们的空间依赖性和制图也很少被考虑，当涉及相关害虫物种的复合体时，例如来自新热带的水稻臭虫、Oebalus poecilus和O. ypsilongriseus，情况甚至更糟。尽管怀疑O. poecilus发生了变化，但对这两种物种普遍使用杀虫剂，尤其是新烟碱类噻虫嗪历史上的主导地位和控制失败的抱怨，这种杀虫剂在这种情况下的作用从未被测试过。因此，我们在巴西中部的稻田中筛选了这两个物种的种群，以确定其对噻虫嗪的抗性。记录了噻虫嗪耐药性和控制失败可能性的水平，并测试了它们的空间依赖性并在地理上绘制了地图。不同物种之间的噻虫嗪效力相似，也表现出重叠的抗性水平。因此，这种杀虫剂似乎与物种优势的最终转变无关，并且O. ypsilongriseus的发生很频繁。在两个物种中都检测到噻虫嗪抗性，接近一半的O. poecilus和大约三分之一的O. ypsilongriseus，但处于低水平（< 十倍）。因此，噻虫嗪控制失败的风险也很低。空间依赖性对物种和现象（即噻虫嗪抗性和控制失败）都很重要，在大致相同的地区普遍存在，并且可能反映了当地的杀虫剂使用模式。