To observe the prevalence of contamination by hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus (NoV) in different food types, 9242 samples were analyzed over a 6-year period (January 2014–December 2019). Samples were from routine official activities by Competent Authorities (CAs) and Food Business Operators, according to Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points plans. Analyses were performed in accordance with European and Italian regulations. Food types were obtained from different production areas of Italy, and ranged from mollusks, ready-to-eat (RTE) and packaged vegetables, frozen berries, tap water, fruit and RTE fruit salads, and processed and preserved foods. No risk management plans were set by the authors’ laboratory, because they were still adopted by conferring customers. Analyses were conducted according to ISO/TS 15216-2:2013 (ISO in Part 2: Method for Qualitative Detection. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, 2013). The data showed that 2.25% (95% CI: 2.0–2.6) of samples were contaminated by at least one virus type, and that the most detected pathogen was NoV GII (89.50% of all positives). Mollusks (filter-feeding animals) were the most contaminated category (92.31% of all positives) not only by NoV or HAV individually, but also by multiple HAV/NoV contaminations consisting of 22.59% of all positives. For NoV, there was a significant correlation between shellfish positivity and season, with the autumn–winter period being the most associated with risk. Conversely, berries, drinking water and RTE vegetables, previously linked to several outbreaks, showed a low rate of contamination. These results from data collection have implications for the improvement of sampling plans for HAV and NoV by Italian CAs, and by food-producing and distribution operators. Moreover, these findings obtained by a standardized qualitative method contribute the collection of data aimed at establishing new microbiological criteria not yet foreseen (but advocated) by current European rules.

为了观察不同食品类型中甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV) 和诺如病毒 (NoV) 的污染流行率，在 6 年期间（2014 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月）分析了 9242 个样本。根据危害分析和关键控制点计划，样本来自主管当局 (CA) 和食品企业经营者的日常官方活动。根据欧洲和意大利法规进行分析。食品类型来自意大利的不同产区，包括软体动物、即食 (RTE) 和包装蔬菜、冷冻浆果、自来水、水果和 RTE 水果沙拉，以及加工和腌制食品。作者的实验室没有制定风险管理计划，因为它们仍然被授予客户采用。根据 ISO/TS 15216-2:2013（第 2 部分中的 ISO：定性检测方法。国际标准化组织，日内瓦，2013 年）。数据显示，2.25%（95% CI：2.0-2.6）的样本被至少一种病毒污染，检测到最多的病原体是NoV GII（占所有阳性的89.50%）。软体动物（滤食动物）是污染最严重的类别（占所有阳性的 92.31%），不仅单独受到 NoV 或 HAV 的污染，而且还受到多种 HAV/NoV 污染，占所有阳性的 22.59%。对于 11 月，贝类的阳性率与季节之间存在显着相关性，其中秋冬季与风险最相关。相反，之前与几次疫情有关的浆果、饮用水和即食蔬菜的污染率较低。这些数据收集结果对意大利 CA 以及食品生产和分销运营商改进 HAV 和 NoV 的抽样计划具有重要意义。此外，通过标准化的定性方法获得的这些发现有助于收集旨在建立当前欧洲规则尚未预见（但提倡）的新微生物标准的数据。