Pulse shaping has become a powerful tool in generating complicated ultrafast optical waveforms to meet specific application needs. Traditionally, pulse shaping focuses on the temporal waveform synthesis. Recent interests in structuring light in the spatiotemporal domain rely on Fourier analysis. A space-to-time mapping technique allows us to directly imprint complex spatiotemporal modulation through taking advantage of the relationship between frequency and time of chirped pulses. The concept is experimentally verified through the generation of spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) and STOV lattice. The power of this method is further demonstrated by STOV polarity reversal, vortex collision, and vortex annihilation. Such a direct mapping technique opens tremendous potential opportunities for sculpturing complex spatiotemporal waveforms.

中文翻译：

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用啁啾脉冲雕刻时空波包

脉冲整形已成为生成复杂的超快光波形以满足特定应用需求的强大工具。传统上，脉冲整形侧重于时间波形合成。最近在时空域中构建光的兴趣依赖于傅立叶分析。空间到时间的映射技术允许我们通过利用啁啾脉冲的频率和时间之间的关系直接印记复杂的时空调制。该概念通过时空光学涡旋 (STOV) 和 STOV 晶格的生成进行了实验验证。STOV 极性反转、涡旋碰撞和涡旋湮灭进一步证明了这种方法的威力。这种直接映射技术为雕刻复杂的时空波形开辟了巨大的潜在机会。