Through two studies that utilized pin counts in the voodoo doll aggression task, we tested how compassionate and self-image goals in relationships were associated with aggressive inclinations. Participants in Study 1 (N = 381) recalled and wrote about an experience of being accepted or rejected and participants in Study 2 (N = 391) imagined themselves in hypothetical scenarios of being rejected either by a romantic partner or a supervisor. Regardless of the type of event (Study 1) or rejecter (Study 2), compassionate goals were related to higher self-compassionate reactions that were in turn linked to lower aggressive inclinations, whereas self-image goals were associated with higher aggressive inclinations through lower self-compassionate reactions. Study 2 showed that nonzero-sum beliefs accounted for positive associations between compassionate goals and self-compassionate reactions. Considered together, our findings implied that people who pursue compassionate goals might hold nonzero-sum beliefs that their well-being is connected with those of others and, thus, might display self-compassionate reactions that are linked to lower aggressive inclinations.

通过两项在巫毒娃娃攻击性任务中利用针数的研究，我们测试了人际关系中的同情心和自我形象目标与攻击性倾向之间的关系。研究 1 的参与者 ( N  = 381) 回忆并写下了被接受或拒绝的经历，以及研究 2 的参与者 ( N = 391）想象自己处于被浪漫伴侣或主管拒绝的假设场景中。无论事件的类型（研究 1）还是拒绝者（研究 2），同情目标与更高的自我同情反应相关，而后者又与更低的攻击倾向相关，而自我形象目标通过更低的攻击倾向与更高的攻击倾向相关联。自我同情的反应。研究 2 表明，非零和信念解释了富有同情心的目标和自我同情反应之间的正相关。综合考虑，我们的研究结果表明，追求富有同情心目标的人可能持有非零和信念，认为他们的幸福与他人的幸福有关，因此可能会表现出与较低的攻击倾向相关的自我同情反应。