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On the Order and Orientation in Liquid Crystalline Polymer Membranes for Gas Separation
Chemistry of Materials ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-25 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c02526
Joey Kloos 1 , Nico Jansen 1 , Menno Houben 1 , Anna Casimiro 1 , Johan Lub 2 , Zandrie Borneman 1 , Albert P H J Schenning 2 , Kitty Nijmeijer 1
Affiliation  

To prevent greenhouse emissions into the atmosphere, separations like CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 from natural gas, biogas, and flue gasses are crucial. Polymer membranes gained a key role in gas separations over the past decades, but these polymers are often not organized at a molecular level, which results in a trade-off between permeability and selectivity. In this work, the effect of molecular order and orientation in liquid crystals (LCs) polymer membranes for gas permeation is demonstrated. Using the self-assembly of polymerizable LCs to prepare membranes ensures control over the supramolecular organization and alignment of the building blocks at a molecular level. Robust freestanding LC membranes were fabricated that have various, distinct morphologies (isotropic, nematic cybotactic, and smectic C) and alignment (planar and homeotropic), while using the same chemical composition. Single gas permeation data show that the permeability decreases with increasing molecular order while the ideal gas selectivity of He and CO2 over N2 increases tremendously (36-fold for He/N2 and 21-fold for CO2/N2) when going from randomly ordered to the highly ordered smectic C morphology. The calculated diffusion coefficients showed a 10-fold decrease when going from randomly ordered membranes to ordered smectic C membranes. It is proposed that with increasing molecular order, the free volume elements in the membrane become smaller, which hinders gasses with larger kinetic diameters (Ar, N2) more than gasses with smaller kinetic diameters (He, CO2), inducing selectivity. Comparison of gas sorption and permeation performances of planar and homeotropic aligned smectic C membranes shows the effect of molecular orientation by a 3-fold decrease of the diffusion coefficient of homeotropic aligned smectic C membranes resulting in a diminished gas permeation and increased ideal gas selectivities. These results strongly highlight the importance of molecular order and orientation in LC polymer membranes for gas separation.

中文翻译:


用于气体分离的液晶聚合物膜的有序性和取向性



为了防止温室气体排放到大气中,从天然气、沼气和烟道气中分离CO 2 /CH 4和CO 2 /N 2至关重要。过去几十年来,聚合物膜在气体分离中发挥了关键作用,但这些聚合物通常不是在分子水平上组织的,这导致渗透性和选择性之间的权衡。在这项工作中,证明了液晶 (LC) 聚合物膜中分子有序和取向对气体渗透的影响。使用可聚合液晶的自组装来制备膜可确保在分子水平上控制超分子组织和结构单元的排列。坚固的独立式液晶膜具有各种不同的形态(各向同性、向列相规和近晶 C)和排列(平面和垂直),同时使用相同的化学成分。单一气体渗透率数据表明,渗透率随着分子级数的增加而降低,而He和CO 2相对于N 2的理想气体选择性在进入时大幅增加(He/N 2为36倍,CO 2 /N 2为21倍)。从随机有序到高度有序的近晶C形态。计算得出的扩散系数显示,从随机有序膜到有序近晶 C 膜时,扩散系数降低了 10 倍。据认为,随着分子有序度的增加,膜中的自由体积元素变得更小,这比具有较小动力学直径的气体(He、CO 2 )更多地阻碍具有较大动力学直径的气体(Ar、N 2 ),从而诱导选择性。 平面和垂直排列近晶 C 膜的气体吸附和渗透性能的比较表明,通过使垂直排列近晶 C 膜的扩散系数降低 3 倍,分子取向的影响导致气体渗透性降低和理想气体选择性增加。这些结果强烈强调了液晶聚合物膜中分子有序和取向对于气体分离的重要性。
更新日期:2021-11-09
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