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Reconstructing Legitimacy After Crisis: The Chilean Path to a New Constitution
Hague Journal on the Rule of Law ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-25 , DOI: 10.1007/s40803-021-00160-8
Julieta Suarez-Cao 1
Affiliation  

Social movements have contested the elitist character of Chilean political institutions in the streets for the past two decades. Citizens have distanced themselves from conventional participation, and turnout rates dropped dramatically. Protesting against unequal treatment and demanding “dignity,” the social uprising in 2019 in Chile consisted of massive protests marked by large-scale demonstrations and violent riots alike. Lasting many weeks, the protest-driven crisis opened up the opportunity for a constitutional change. Political elites agreed on a referendum on a new constitution to channel heterogeneous demands put forward by leaderless and inorganic protests and demonstrations. This critical juncture brought about by the social uprising set in motion institutional change that, confirming theoretical expectations, entirely departs from the status quo. Furthermore, amidst a profound representation crisis, social organizations pushed for reforms in the electoral system to select conventional delegates to restore confidence and legitimacy in representative institutions. Based on evidence that diversity in elective bodies boosts perceptions of legitimacy, proposals included gender parity in both nominations and results, the possibility for independent candidates to run in lists, and reserved seats for indigenous peoples. The result was a constitutional assembly with 50% of women, delegates from ten indigenous peoples, and many independent candidates elected. Time will tell if this constitutional assembly manages to rebuild Chileans’ trust in politics.



中文翻译:

危机后重建合法性:智利通往新宪法的道路

在过去的二十年里,社会运动一直在质疑智利街头政治机构的精英特征。公民已经远离传统参与,投票率急剧下降。智利 2019 年的社会起义是抗议不平等待遇和要求“尊严”的大规模抗议活动,以大规模示威和暴力骚乱为标志。持续数周的抗议引发的危机为宪法改革提供了机会。政治精英同意就新宪法进行全民公投,以引导无领导和无组织的抗议和示威提出的异类要求。社会起义带来的这个关键时刻启动了制度变革,证实了理论预期,完全背离现状。此外,在深刻的代表危机中,社会组织推动选举制度改革,以选择传统代表,以恢复对代表机构的信心和合法性。根据选举机构的多样性提高了对合法性的看法的证据,提案包括提名和结果中的性别平等、独立候选人进入名单的可能性以及为土著人民保留席位。结果是一个有50%的妇女组会,来自十个土着人民的代表,以及许多独立的候选人选出。时间会证明这次制宪会议是否能够重建智利人对政治的信任。社会组织推动选举制度改革,以选出传统代表,以恢复对代议机构的信心和合法性。根据选举机构的多样性提高了对合法性的看法的证据,提案包括提名和结果中的性别平等、独立候选人进入名单的可能性以及为土著人民保留席位。结果是一个有50%的妇女组会,来自十个土着人民的代表,以及许多独立的候选人选出。时间会证明这次制宪会议是否能够重建智利人对政治的信任。社会组织推动选举制度改革,以选出传统代表,以恢复对代议机构的信心和合法性。根据选举机构的多样性提高了对合法性的看法的证据,提案包括提名和结果中的性别平等、独立候选人进入名单的可能性以及为土著人民保留席位。结果是一个有50%的妇女组会,来自十个土着人民的代表,以及许多独立的候选人选出。时间会证明这次制宪会议是否能够重建智利人对政治的信任。提议包括提名和结果中的性别均等、独立候选人进入名单的可能性以及为土著人民保留席位。结果是一个有50%的妇女组会,来自十个土着人民的代表,以及许多独立的候选人选出。时间会证明这次制宪会议是否能够重建智利人对政治的信任。提议包括提名和结果中的性别均等、独立候选人进入名单的可能性以及为土著人民保留席位。结果是一个有50%的妇女组会,来自十个土着人民的代表,以及许多独立的候选人选出。时间会证明这次制宪会议是否能够重建智利人对政治的信任。

更新日期:2021-10-25
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