Efficient and durable composite membranes based on polydopamine-mediated sulfonated graphene oxide for direct methanol fuel cells,Journal of Materials Chemistry A

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Efficient and durable composite membranes based on polydopamine-mediated sulfonated graphene oxide for direct methanol fuel cells
Journal of Materials Chemistry A ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-25 , DOI: 10.1039/d1ta07882h
Xin Liu _{1,

2} , Shaoxiong Zhai ₁ , Xiyuan Zhang ₃ , Pengzhi Mao ₄ , Shaojian He ₁ , Wenxu Dai ₁ , Jun Lin ₁

Affiliation

Sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) is already utilized as an effective filler in proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for performance enhancement in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Previously, SGO has been mostly prepared via functionalization based on the intrinsic groups of graphene oxide (GO), which may cause inhomogeneity/insufficient sulfonation and possibly limit the improvement of membrane performance. To overcome this widely overlooked problem, herein, a new type of GO sulfonation product, SDGO, is fabricated by carrying out the sulfonation on polydopamine (PDA) deposited GO, which results in improved uniformity/sufficient sulfonation on SDGO compared to PDA-free SGO. Therefore, the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) composite PEMs filled with SDGO show better matrix–filler compatibility, larger hydrophilic domains and less voids than those using PDA-free SGO, which lead to much improved proton conductivity, methanol barrier and mechanical properties. SPEEK–SDGO based DMFCs largely outperform Nafion 212 based DMFCs, achieving an output of 177.93 mW cm⁻² (80 °C, 1 M methanol/O₂), one of the most competitive DMFC power densities reported for DMFCs based on SGO composite membranes. Moreover, the radical scavenging ability of PDA boosts the stability of SPEEK–SDGO composite membranes in chemical accelerated stress tests. Mechanical accelerated stress tests and constant voltage experiments further confirm the superior durability of SPEEK–SDGO composite membranes during DMFC operations.

中文翻译：

基于聚多巴胺介导的磺化氧化石墨烯的高效耐用复合膜，用于直接甲醇燃料电池

磺化氧化石墨烯 (SGO) 已被用作质子交换膜 (PEM) 中的有效填料，以提高直接甲醇燃料电池 (DMFC) 的性能。以前，SGO 主要是通过基于氧化石墨烯（GO）的本征基团的功能化，这可能导致不均匀/磺化不充分，并可能限制膜性能的提高。为了克服这个被广泛忽视的问题，本文通过在聚多巴胺 (PDA) 沉积的 GO 上进行磺化制备了一种新型的 GO 磺化产物 SDGO，与不含 PDA 的 SGO 相比，这导致 SDGO 上的均匀性/充分磺化得到改善. 因此，与使用不含 PDA 的 SGO 相比，填充 SDGO 的磺化聚醚醚酮 (SPEEK) 复合 PEM 显示出更好的基质-填料相容性、更大的亲水域和更少的空隙，从而大大提高了质子电导率、甲醇阻隔和机械性能。基于 SPEEK-SDGO 的 DMFC 在很大程度上优于基于 Nafion 212 的 DMFC，输出功率为 177.93 mW cm^-2（80°C，1 M 甲醇/O₂），据报道，基于 SGO 复合膜的 DMFC 具有最具竞争力的 DMFC 功率密度之一。此外，PDA 的自由基清除能力提高了 SPEEK-SDGO 复合膜在化学加速应力测试中的稳定性。机械加速应力测试和恒压实验进一步证实了 SPEEK-SDGO 复合膜在 DMFC 操作期间的卓越耐久性。

更新日期：2021-10-25

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