In this study, the performance of the Purolite A503S anion exchange resin as a heterogeneous catalyst in the transesterification reaction of palm olein (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) for ethyl biodiesel production was investigated, and the independent variables were optimized based on the maximum conversion to fatty acid ethyl esters. The response surface methodology (RSM) coupled to a factorial design (2³) with a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used for optimization. The effects of temperature, catalyst percentage, palm olein:ethanol molar ratio, and their interactions were evaluated. A reaction time of 10 h was established relating conversion versus time, and the stirring speed was determined by assessing the conversion potential ranging from 250 to 1000 rpm. The reactions were performed in a jacketed reactor coupled to a thermostatic bath. The mixtures of triacylglycerols (TAG), diacylglycerols (DAG), monoacylglycerols (MAG), fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE), and ethanol were quantified by high-pressure size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), and glycerol content was determined by stoichiometry. A second-order model was adjusted to explain the experimental data from the 18 factorial design trials. A conversion of approximately 98.10 % in ethyl esters was obtained from the optimised variables using a 17.6 % catalyst, palm olein:ethanol molar ratio of 1:12.85 at 49.4 °C. Despite the long reaction time, the Purolite A503S resin is a potential heterogeneous catalyst in transesterification reactions.

在本研究中，Purolite A503S 阴离子交换树脂作为多相催化剂在棕榈油精（Elaeis guineensis Jacq. ）的酯交换反应中的性能研究了乙基生物柴油生产的最大转化率，并根据脂肪酸乙酯的最大转化率优化了自变量。响应面方法 (RSM) 与具有中心复合可旋转设计 (CCRD) 的因子设计 (2³) 相结合，用于优化。评估了温度、催化剂百分比、棕榈油精:乙醇摩尔比及其相互作用的影响。建立 10 小时的反应时间，将转化率与时间相关联，并通过评估 250 至 1000 rpm 的转化潜力来确定搅拌速度。反应在与恒温浴相连的夹套反应器中进行。三酰基甘油（TAG）、二酰基甘油（DAG）、单酰基甘油（MAG）、脂肪酸乙酯（FAEE）的混合物，和乙醇通过高压尺寸排阻色谱 (HPSEC) 定量，甘油含量通过化学计量确定。调整二阶模型以解释来自 18 个因子设计试验的实验数据。在 49.4 °C 下，使用 17.6% 催化剂，棕榈油精:乙醇摩尔比为 1:12.85，从优化变量中获得了大约 98.10% 的乙酯转化率。尽管反应时间很长，但 Purolite A503S 树脂是酯交换反应中潜在的多相催化剂。棕榈油精:乙醇摩尔比为 1:12.85 在 49.4 °C。尽管反应时间很长，但 Purolite A503S 树脂是酯交换反应中潜在的多相催化剂。棕榈油精:乙醇摩尔比为 1:12.85 在 49.4 °C。尽管反应时间很长，但 Purolite A503S 树脂是酯交换反应中潜在的多相催化剂。