We find that on a dynamic noise background, the perceived disappearance location of a moving object is shifted in the direction of motion. This "twinkle-goes" illusion does not require luminance- or chromaticity-based confusability of the object with the background, or on the amount of background motion energy in the same direction as the object motion. This suggests that the illusion is enabled by the dynamic noise masking the offset transients that otherwise accompany an object's disappearance. While these results are consistent with an anticipatory process that pre-activates positions ahead of the object's current position, additional findings suggest an alternative account: a continuation of attentional tracking after the object disappears. First, the shift increased with speed until over 1.2 revolutions per second (rps), nearing the attentional tracking limit. Second, the shift was greatly reduced when attention was divided between two moving objects. Finally, the illusion was associated with a delay in simple reaction time to the disappearance of the object. We propose that in the absence of offset transients, attentional tracking keeps moving for several tens of milliseconds after the target disappearance, and this causes one to hallucinate a moving object at the position of attention.

中文翻译：

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动态噪声背景揭示了感知运动外推：闪烁错觉。

我们发现在动态噪声背景下，运动物体的感知消失位置在运动方向上发生了偏移。这种“闪烁”错觉不需要对象与背景的基于亮度或色度的混淆性，或者与对象运动方向相同的背景运动能量的量。这表明这种错觉是由动态噪声掩盖了伴随物体消失的偏移瞬变而实现的。虽然这些结果与在物体当前位置之前预先激活位置的预期过程是一致的，但其他研究结果表明了另一种解释：在物体消失后继续注意力跟踪。首先，换档随着速度增加，直到超过每秒 1.2 转 (rps)，接近注意力追踪极限。其次，当注意力分散在两个移动的物体上时，这种转变大大减少了。最后，这种错觉与对物体消失的简单反应时间的延迟有关。我们建议在没有偏移瞬变的情况下，注意力跟踪在目标消失后持续移动几十毫秒，这会导致人们在注意力位置产生幻觉。