Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been marketed as a less lethal substitute for smoking traditional cigarettes. This study aims to investigate the impact of e-cigarettes aerosol exposure on lactating dams and pups, whose dams were exposed. Lactating dams received fresh air (control) or e-cigarettes aerosol during lactation (day 4–21). Maternal exposure to e-cigarettes aerosol during lactation induced significant reduction (P < 0.0001) in the fat content of the milk and serum Leptin level (P < 0.005) compared to control dams. Furthermore, pups whose dams were exposed to e-cigarettes during lactation showed an increased level of glucose, thyroxine and decreased level of insulin. The exposure to e-cigarettes aerosol during lactation altered the composition of milk as well as the hormonal and biochemical profile in dams and pups. This result, if observed in women using e-cigarettes, suggests that e-cigarettes’ use during lactation may have consequences on the milk production and hormonal and biochemical profile in breastfeeding mothers and nursing babies.

电子烟（e-香烟）已作为吸食传统香烟的致命性较低的替代品进行销售。本研究旨在调查电子烟气溶胶暴露对哺乳期母鼠和幼鼠的影响。哺乳期母鼠在哺乳期间（第 4-21 天）接受新鲜空气（对照）或电子烟气雾剂。与对照母鼠相比，母鼠在哺乳期间接触电子烟气雾剂会导致母乳中的脂肪含量和血清瘦素水平（P < 0.005）显着降低（P < 0.0001）。此外，母鼠在哺乳期间接触电子烟的幼崽表现出葡萄糖、甲状腺素水平升高和胰岛素水平降低。哺乳期间接触电子烟气溶胶改变了母乳的成分以及母乳和幼乳中的荷尔蒙和生化特征。如果在使用电子烟的女性中观察到这一结果，则表明在哺乳期间使用电子烟可能会对母乳喂养的母亲和哺乳婴儿的产奶量以及荷尔蒙和生化状况产生影响。