This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding fermented wheat bran (FWB) and yeast culture (YC) on growth performance, immune levels, and intestinal microflora in growing-finishing pigs. In total, 96 crossbred pigs were randomly distributed into four treatments with four replicates pens and six pigs per pen. This study was performed using a 2 × 2 factor design: 1) CON (basal diet), 2) FWB (basal diet + 5% FWB), 3) YC (basal diet + 2% YC), and 4) FWB + YC (basal diet + 5% FWB + 2% YC). Dietary FWB supplementation significantly increased the average daily gain and significantly decreased the feed gain ratio of growing-finishing pigs (P < 0.05). Supplementation of FWB and YC improved the immune capacity and reduced the inflammation level of growing-finishing pigs (P < 0.05). In addition, pigs fed FWB, YC, and FWB + YC diets showed better intestinal development and morphology compared with those CON pigs. The relative abundance of Streptococcus in the FWB group was significantly lower than that in the CON group (P < 0.05), and the relative abundance of probiotics (unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, Turicibacter) increased significantly (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the relative abundance of probiotics (Lactobacillus, norank_f_Muribaculaceae) in the YC group was significantly increased compared with the CON group (P < 0.05). The results of this study observed positive effects of FWB and YC on growing-finishing pigs, which provides insights into the application of biological feed in swine industry.

中文翻译：

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发酵麦麸和酵母培养对生长肥育猪生长性能、免疫力和肠道菌群的影响

本研究旨在评估饲喂发酵麦麸 (FWB) 和酵母培养物 (YC) 对生长肥育猪生长性能、免疫水平和肠道菌群的影响。总共将 96 头杂交猪随机分配到 4 个处理中，每个处理栏有 4 个重复栏，每个栏有 6 头猪。本研究采用 2 × 2 因子设计进行：1) CON（基础饮食），2) FWB（基础饮食 + 5% FWB），3) YC（基础饮食 + 2% YC）和 4) FWB + YC （基础饮食 + 5% FWB + 2% YC）。日粮添加FWB显着提高了生长肥育猪的平均日增重，显着降低了增重率（P < 0.05）。FWB和YC的补充提高了生长肥育猪的免疫能力并降低了炎症水平（P < 0.05）。此外，喂食 FWB、YC、与那些 CON 猪相比，FWB + YC 日粮表现出更好的肠道发育和形态。FWB组链球菌相对丰度显着低于CON组（P＜0.05），益生菌（unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, Turicibacter）相对丰度显着增加（P＜0.05）。此外，与CON组相比，YC组益生菌（Lactobacillus，norank_f_Muribaculaceae）的相对丰度显着增加（P <0.05）。本研究结果观察到 FWB 和 YC 对生长肥育猪的积极影响，这为生物饲料在养猪业中的应用提供了见解。FWB组链球菌相对丰度显着低于CON组（P＜0.05），益生菌（unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, Turicibacter）相对丰度显着增加（P＜0.05）。此外，与CON组相比，YC组益生菌（Lactobacillus，norank_f_Muribaculaceae）的相对丰度显着增加（P <0.05）。本研究结果观察到 FWB 和 YC 对生长肥育猪的积极影响，这为生物饲料在养猪业中的应用提供了见解。FWB组链球菌相对丰度显着低于CON组（P＜0.05），益生菌（unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, Turicibacter）相对丰度显着增加（P＜0.05）。此外，与CON组相比，YC组益生菌（Lactobacillus，norank_f_Muribaculaceae）的相对丰度显着增加（P <0.05）。本研究结果观察到 FWB 和 YC 对生长肥育猪的积极影响，这为生物饲料在养猪业中的应用提供了见解。与CON组相比，YC组益生菌（Lactobacillus, norank_f_Muribaculaceae）的相对丰度显着增加（P < 0.05）。本研究结果观察到 FWB 和 YC 对生长肥育猪的积极影响，这为生物饲料在养猪业中的应用提供了见解。与CON组相比，YC组益生菌（Lactobacillus, norank_f_Muribaculaceae）的相对丰度显着增加（P < 0.05）。本研究结果观察到 FWB 和 YC 对生长肥育猪的积极影响，这为生物饲料在养猪业中的应用提供了见解。