Hierarchically porous zeolites are promising candidates in catalytic conversion of relatively bulky molecules, and their syntheses have attracted significant attention. From both industrial and scientific perspectives, different carbon materials have been widely employed as hard templates for the preparation of hierarchically porous zeolites during the past two decades. In this review, the progress in synthetic strategies using carbon materials as templates is comprehensively summarized. Depending on the affinity between the carbon templates and zeolite precursors, the substantial strategies for synthesizing hierarchical zeolites are introduced in direct templates and indirect templates. Direct templates methods, by which the carbon materials are directly mixed with precursors gel as hard templates, are first reviewed. Then, we discuss the indirect templates method (crystallization of carbon-silica composites), by which the carbon is produced by in situ pyrolysis of organic-inorganic precursors. In addition, the technique of encapsulating metal species into zeolites crystals with the assistance of carbon templates is also discussed. In the conclusion part, the factors affecting the synthesis of carbon-templated hierarchically porous zeolites are remarked. This review is expected to attract interest in the synthesis strategies of hierarchically porous zeolites, especially cost-effective and large-scale production methodologies, which are essential to the industrial application of hierarchical zeolites.

分级多孔沸石是催化转化相对大分子的有希望的候选者，它们的合成引起了极大的关注。从工业和科学的角度来看，在过去的二十年中，不同的碳材料已被广泛用作制备分级多孔沸石的硬模板。在这篇综述中，综合总结了以碳材料为模板的合成策略的进展。根据碳模板和沸石前体之间的亲和力，在直接模板和间接模板中引入了合成分级沸石的重要策略。首先回顾了直接模板方法，通过该方法将碳材料与作为硬模板的前体凝胶直接混合。然后，有机-无机前体的原位热解。此外，还讨论了在碳模板的帮助下将金属物质包封到沸石晶体中的技术。结语部分论述了影响碳模板化分级多孔沸石合成的因素。这篇综述有望引起人们对分级多孔沸石合成策略的兴趣，尤其是具有成本效益的大规模生产方法，这对分级沸石的工业应用至关重要。