Background Weak grip strength is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes and an accelerated decline in grip strength confers an even greater risk. The factors associated with change in grip strength in mid-life remain to be fully determined. Methods We used data from 44,315 UK Biobank participants who had grip strength measured at baseline (2006-10) and a subsequent visit approximately nine years later. At baseline, participants’ long-term conditions (LTCs) were categorised against a hierarchy, with multimorbidity characterised by the number of LTC categories. Lifestyle factors were assessed. Change in grip strength was grouped into four patterns: decline, stable low, stable high or reference (no change or increase) and used as the outcome in multinomial logistic regression. Results Most LTC categories were associated with adverse patterns of change in grip strength (stable low and/or decline): for example, musculoskeletal/trauma conditions were associated with an increased risk of the stable low pattern (Relative Risk Ratio [RRR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49-1.79). Multimorbidity and lifestyle factors had independent associations with grip strength change. Those with 3+ categories of LTCs were more likely to experience decline in grip strength (RRR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.08-1.28) compared to those with none. Low physical activity was associated with adverse patterns of grip strength, while raised body mass index (BMI) had divergent associations. Conclusions Individuals living with multimorbidity and those with lifestyle risk factors such as low physical activity are at increased risk of low muscle strength and the loss of strength over time.

中文翻译：

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9 年随访期间的长期状况、多种疾病、生活方式因素和握力变化：来自 44,315 名英国生物样本库参与者的调查结果

背景 较弱的握力与一系列不良健康结果相关，握力加速下降会带来更大的风险。与中年握力变化相关的因素仍有待完全确定。方法 我们使用了 44,315 名英国生物银行参与者的数据，这些参与者在基线（2006-10 年）和大约 9 年后的后续访问中测量了握力。在基线时，参与者的长期状况 (LTCs) 根据等级进行分类，以 LTC 类别的数量为特征。生活方式因素进行了评估。握力的变化分为四种模式：下降、稳定低、稳定高或参考（没有变化或增加），并用作多项逻辑回归的结果。结果 大多数 LTC 类别与握力变化的不利模式（稳定低和/或下降）相关：例如，肌肉骨骼/创伤状况与稳定低模式的风险增加相关（相对风险比 [RRR] = 1.63 ; 95% 置信区间 [CI]: 1.49-1.79)。多种疾病和生活方式因素与握力变化具有独立关联。与没有 LTC 的人相比，拥有 3 类以上 LTC 的人更容易出现握力下降（RRR = 1.18；95% CI：1.08-1.28）。低体力活动与握力的不良模式有关，而体重指数（BMI）升高则有不同的关联。