While extant research has focused on the joint roles of distal background factors and decisional self-efficacy when investigating facilitative factors in career decision-making, knowledge regarding the role of gratification delay and its contributing systems is limited. Using a sample of U.S. individuals (n = 281), the current study longitudinally examined the structural predictions of the emotional (i.e., distress tolerance) and cognitive (i.e., time discounting) foundations of gratification delay for decisional anxiety. The results supported a mediation model in which gratification delay mediates the negative prediction of distress tolerance (Time 1) for decisional anxiety (Time 2 = Time 1 + 3 months) and the positive prediction of time discounting (Time 1) for decisional anxiety (Time 2). Additionally, gratification delay joined decisional self-efficacy in sequentially mediating these predictions. Therefore, the present study supports the utility of the gratification delay perspective in conceptualizing and facilitating the career decision-making process and provides implications for research and practice related to self-control in career decision-making.

虽然现有研究在调查职业决策中的促进因素时侧重于远期背景因素和决策自我效能的共同作用，但关于满足延迟的作用及其贡献系统的知识是有限的。使用美国个人样本 ( n = 281），目前的研究纵向检查了决策焦虑的满足延迟的情绪（即痛苦容忍度）和认知（即时间折扣）基础的结构预测。结果支持了一个中介模型，其中延迟满足对决策焦虑（时间 2 = 时间 1 + 3 个月）的痛苦容忍度（时间 1）的负面预测和决策焦虑（时间）的时间贴现（时间 1）的积极预测（时间2）。此外，满足延迟与决策自我效能感相结合，依次调节这些预测。所以，