3D Bioprinting of Cell-Laden Hydrogels for Improved Biological Functionality,Advanced Materials

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3D Bioprinting of Cell-Laden Hydrogels for Improved Biological Functionality
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-20 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103691
Sarah M Hull ₁ , Lucia G Brunel ₁ , Sarah C Heilshorn ₂

Affiliation

The encapsulation of cells within gel-phase materials to form bioinks offers distinct advantages for next-generation 3D bioprinting. 3D bioprinting has emerged as a promising tool for patterning cells, but the technology remains limited in its ability to produce biofunctional, tissue-like constructs due to a dearth of materials suitable for bioinks. While early demonstrations commonly used viscous polymers optimized for printability, these materials often lacked cell compatibility and biological functionality. In response, advanced materials that exist in the gel phase during the entire printing process are being developed, since hydrogels are uniquely positioned to both protect cells during extrusion and provide biological signals to embedded cells as the construct matures during culture. Here, an overview of the design considerations for gel-phase materials as bioinks is presented, with a focus on their mechanical, biochemical, and dynamic gel properties. Current challenges and opportunities that arise due to the fact that bioprinted constructs are active, living hydrogels composed of both acellular and cellular components are also evaluated. Engineering hydrogels with consideration of cells as an intrinsic component of the printed bioink will enable control over the evolution of the living construct after printing to achieve greater biofunctionality.

中文翻译：

载细胞水凝胶的 3D 生物打印以改善生物功能

将细胞封装在凝胶相材料中以形成生物墨水为下一代 3D 生物打印提供了明显的优势。3D 生物打印已成为一种很有前途的细胞图案化工具，但由于缺乏适用于生物墨水的材料，该技术在生产具有生物功能的组织样结构方面的能力仍然有限。虽然早期的演示通常使用针对可打印性进行优化的粘性聚合物，但这些材料通常缺乏细胞相容性和生物功能。作为回应，正在开发在整个印刷过程中存在于凝胶相中的先进材料，因为水凝胶具有独特的定位，既可以在挤压过程中保护细胞，又可以在培养过程中随着结构的成熟向嵌入的细胞提供生物信号。这里，概述了作为生物墨水的凝胶相材料的设计考虑因素，重点是它们的机械、生化和动态凝胶特性。由于生物打印结构是由非细胞和细胞成分组成的活性活水凝胶这一事实而出现的当前挑战和机遇也得到了评估。将细胞作为印刷生物墨水的固有成分的工程水凝胶将能够控制印刷后活结构的进化，以实现更大的生物功能。还评估了由脱细胞和细胞成分组成的活性水凝胶。将细胞作为印刷生物墨水的固有成分的工程水凝胶将能够控制印刷后活结构的进化，以实现更大的生物功能。还评估了由脱细胞和细胞成分组成的活性水凝胶。将细胞作为印刷生物墨水的固有成分的工程水凝胶将能够控制印刷后活结构的进化，以实现更大的生物功能。

更新日期：2021-10-20

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