Floquet Prethermalization with Lifetime Exceeding 90 s in a Bulk Hyperpolarized Solid,Physical Review Letters

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Floquet Prethermalization with Lifetime Exceeding 90 s in a Bulk Hyperpolarized Solid
Physical Review Letters ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-20 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.170603
William Beatrez ₁ , Otto Janes ₁ , Amala Akkiraju ₁ , Arjun Pillai ₁ , Alexander Oddo ₁ , Paul Reshetikhin ₁ , Emanuel Druga ₁ , Maxwell McAllister ₁ , Mark Elo ₂ , Benjamin Gilbert ₃ , Dieter Suter ₄ , Ashok Ajoy _{1,

5}

Affiliation

We report the observation of long-lived Floquet prethermal states in a bulk solid composed of dipolar-coupled

{}^{13}C

nuclei in diamond at room temperature. For precessing nuclear spins prepared in an initial transverse state, we demonstrate pulsed spin-lock Floquet control that prevents their decay over multiple-minute-long periods. We observe Floquet prethermal lifetimes

T_{2}^{'} \approx 90.9 s

, extended

> 60 000

-fold over the nuclear free induction decay times. The spins themselves are continuously interrogated for

\sim 10 \min

, corresponding to the application of

\approx 5.8 \times 10^{6}

control pulses. The

{}^{13}C

nuclei are optically hyperpolarized by lattice nitrogen vacancy centers; the combination of hyperpolarization and continuous spin readout yields significant signal-to-noise ratio in the measurements. This allows probing the Floquet thermalization dynamics with unprecedented clarity. We identify four characteristic regimes of the thermalization process, discerning short-time transient processes leading to the prethermal plateau and long-time system heating toward infinite temperature. This Letter points to new opportunities possible via Floquet control in networks of dilute, randomly distributed, low-sensitivity nuclei. In particular, the combination of minutes-long prethermal lifetimes and continuous spin interrogation opens avenues for quantum sensors constructed from hyperpolarized Floquet prethermal nuclei.

中文翻译：

在块状超极化固体中寿命超过 90 秒的 Floquet 预热

我们报告了在由偶极耦合组成的散装固体中观察到的长寿命 Floquet 预热状态

{}^{13}C

室温下金刚石中的原子核。对于在初始横向状态下准备的进动核自旋，我们展示了脉冲自旋锁 Floquet 控制，可防止它们在多分钟的时间内衰减。我们观察 Floquet 预热寿命

吨_{2}^{'} \approx 90.9 秒

, 扩展

> 60 000

-倍于无核诱导衰变时间。旋转本身不断被询问

～ 10 分钟

，对应于应用

\approx 5.8 \times 10^{6}

控制脉冲。这

{}^{13}C

原子核被晶格氮空位中心光学超极化；超极化和连续自旋读数的结合在测量中产生了显着的信噪比。这允许以前所未有的清晰度探测 Floquet 热化动力学。我们确定了热化过程的四个特征状态，辨别导致预热平台和长期系统加热到无限温度的短时间瞬态过程。这封信指出了通过 Floquet 控制在稀释的、随机分布的、低灵敏度的核网络中可能带来的新机会。特别是，长达数分钟的预热寿命和连续自旋询问的结合为由超极化 Floquet 预热核构建的量子传感器开辟了道路。

更新日期：2021-10-21

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