Bionic ionic skin, having the ionic transduction and chromotropic traits of chameleons, along with multiple sensing, antibacterial, self-healing, and anti-freezing functions, is of great importance in a wide range of applications, such as flexible iontronics, health monitoring systems, and smart wearable devices. Although such advanced intelligence universally exists in natural organisms, these characteristics are rarely achieved in artificial materials simultaneously. By mimicking biological skin, here, a novel electromechanical and mechanochromic dual-sensing ionic skin (DSI-skin) with these superior functions is presented for visually monitoring human motions and expiration. The DSI-skin is mainly generated by the introduction of highly-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (H-HPC) forming liquid-crystal structures into a multifunctional ionic hydrogel (MFIH) containing Al³⁺ ions with ionic conduction. The resulting DSI-skin is the first to realize simultaneously sensitive dual-mode sensing of strain (gauge factor: 4.90; response time: 363 ms; mechanochromic sensitivity: 2.14 nm per %), pressure (sensitivity: 3.14 kPa⁻¹; response time: 631 ms; mechanochromic sensitivity: 8.02 nm kPa⁻¹), and humidity (fast response: 0.5 s; wide range: 30–90% RH) via the change of structure color and resistance. More importantly, owing to the highly synergistic effect of Al³⁺ ions and H-HPC, the DSI-skin is simultaneously integrated with handy color tuning (426–641 nm), outstanding antibacterial (log reduction > 3.43), excellent self-healing (85.0% efficiency), and anti-freezing (−15 °C) functions for the first time. These utility functions prolong the service life of the materials and expand their applications in many fields. Interestingly, the DSI-skin is also created with Zn²⁺ ions. Thus, this investigation provides insights into the design and fabrication of high-performance biomimetic materials.

中文翻译：

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高协同、机电、机械变色双感应离子皮肤，具有多重监测、抗菌、自愈、防冻等功能

仿生离子皮肤具有变色龙的离子转导和变色特性，具有多重传感、抗菌、自愈和抗冻等功能，在柔性离子电子学、健康监测系统等广泛应用中具有重要意义。 ，以及智能可穿戴设备。虽然这种先进的智能普遍存在于自然生物体中，但这些特性却很少在人造材料中同时实现。通过模仿生物皮肤，这里提出了一种具有这些优越功能的新型机电和机械变色双传感离子皮肤（DSI-skin），用于视觉监测人体运动和呼气。具有离子传导性的³⁺离子。由此产生的 DSI 皮肤是第一个同时实现应变双模传感（应变系数：4.90；响应时间：363 毫秒；机械致变色灵敏度：2.14 nm/%）、压力（灵敏度：3.14 kPa ^-1；响应时间） ：631 ms；机械致变色灵敏度：8.02 nm kPa ^-1）和湿度（快速响应：0.5 s；宽范围：30–90% RH）通过结构颜色和电阻的变化。更重要的是，由于 Al ³⁺的高度协同作用离子和 H-HPC，DSI 皮肤同时集成了方便的颜色调整（426-641 nm）、出色的抗菌（对数减少 > 3.43）、出色的自愈（85.0% 效率）和防冻（-15 °C) 首次运行。这些实用功能延长了材料的使用寿命，并扩大了其在许多领域的应用。有趣的是，DSI 皮肤也是由 Zn ²⁺离子产生的。因此，这项研究为高性能仿生材料的设计和制造提供了见解。