Despite strong evidence for the existence of large amounts of dark matter (DM) in our Universe, there is no direct indication of its presence in our own solar system. All estimates of the local DM density rely on extrapolating results on much larger scales. We demonstrate for the first time the possibility of simultaneously measuring the local DM density and interaction cross section with a direct detection experiment. It relies on the assumption that incoming DM particles frequently scatter on terrestrial nuclei prior to detection, inducing an additional time-dependence of the signal. We show that for sub-GeV DM, with a large spin-independent DM-proton cross section, future direct detection experiments should be able to reconstruct the local DM density with smaller than 50% uncertainty.

中文翻译：

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在实验室测量局部暗物质密度

尽管有强有力的证据表明我们的宇宙中存在大量暗物质 (DM)，但没有直接迹象表明它存在于我们自己的太阳系中。对局部 DM 密度的所有估计都依赖于更大尺度上的外推结果。我们首次证明了通过直接检测实验同时测量局部 DM 密度和相互作用截面的可能性。它依赖于这样一个假设，即进入的 DM 粒子在检测之前经常散射在地球核上，从而导致信号的额外时间依赖性。我们表明，对于具有大的自旋独立 DM 质子横截面的 sub-GeV DM，未来的直接检测实验应该能够以小于 50% 的不确定性重建局部 DM 密度。