Little is known about the role of subcultural values in the development of violence in schools and among school-aged children. Drawing on the “code of the street” thesis, which identifies schools as important staging grounds in the campaign for respect among young people, this study aims to fill this gap in the literature by analyzing student- and school-level associations between projected violence and self-reported subcultural values revolving around toughness and respect. The analytic sample includes N = 1767 students (53.65% female) in grades 7, 8, and 9 (ages 11–17 years, mean = 13.5 years) at 40 middle and high schools in Boston, MA, Denver, CO, and Miami, FL. Consistent with research involving a variety of adolescent and young adult populations, estimates from multilevel negative binomial regression models reveal a robust positive student-level association between personal adherence to subcultural values and projected violence. However, school-level results indicate a compositional, rather than contextual, effect in which higher school-mean levels of projected violence reflect the aggregate values of individual students rather than independent or interactive processes involving the school-level prevalence of code of the street values. Thus, while code of the street values may be important contributors to youth violence, the school setting appears to play a limited role in transmitting their influence among students.

关于亚文化价值观在学校和学龄儿童暴力发展中的作用知之甚少。借鉴“街道守则”论文，该论文将学校确定为尊重年轻人运动的重要舞台，本研究旨在通过分析学生和学校层面预计的暴力与暴力之间的关联来填补文献中的空白。自我报告的亚文化价值观围绕着坚韧和尊重。分析样本包括N = 马萨诸塞州波士顿、科罗拉多州丹佛和佛罗里达州迈阿密的 40 所中学和高中的 7、8 和 9 年级（年龄 11-17 岁，平均 = 13.5 岁）的 1767 名学生（53.65% 女性）。与涉及各种青少年和青年人口的研究一致，多级负二项式回归模型的估计显示，个人对亚文化价值观的依从性与预计的暴力行为之间存在强大的正向关联。然而，学校层面的结果表明了一种组合效应，而不是背景效应，在这种效应中，较高的学校平均暴力预测水平反映了个别学生的总体价值，而不是涉及学校层面街头价值观代码流行度的独立或互动过程. 因此，虽然街头价值观可能是青少年暴力的重要贡献者，