ABSTRACT

The effects of two factors that determine the quality and quantity of saffron yields, i.e. organic fertilisers, including i) humic acid (Humax®), ii) organic-mineral emulsion (Omic®), iii) cow manure, and iv) unfertilised control, and mother-corm weight (using corms of 0.1–4 g, 4.1–8 g and 8.1–12 g) were investigated by measuring yield-related traits of saffron in 2 years. In the first year, the application of organic fertilisers had no significant effect on most of the studied traits. In the second year, the highest rate of increase in the stigma-style dry weight yields, with 55.5 mg day⁻¹, was recorded for the cow manure treatment. In both years, the style-stigma yield was significantly higher in the treatments with large mother-corms compared with small mother-corms, with large differences especially in the first year, indicating that the benefit of planting heavier mother-corm was related to the stage of the production cycle. In accordance with INSO (Iran National Standard Organisation), the concentrations of crocin and picrocrocin in all treatments were within the range of Grade I and II saffron, respectively. The concentrations of the major metal contaminants (arsenic, lead and mercury) were much lower than the permissible limits in all treatments, indicating that none of the tested organic fertilisers caused pollution of the saffron.

摘要

决定藏红花产量质量和数量的两个因素的影响，即有机肥料，包括 i) 腐植酸 (Humax®)、ii) 有机矿物乳液 (Omic®)、iii) 牛粪和 iv) 未施肥控制, 通过测量藏红花 2 年内的产量相关性状，研究了母球重量（使用 0.1-4 g、4.1-8 g 和 8.1-12 g 的球茎）。第一年施用有机肥对大部分研究性状没有显着影响。第二年，柱头型干重产量增幅最高，为 55.5 mg/d ^-1，被记录用​​于牛粪处理。2 年，大母球处理的柱头产量均显着高于小母球，尤其是第一年差异较大，说明种植重母球的效益与生产周期的阶段。根据INSO（伊朗国家标准组织），所有处理中藏红花素和藏红花素的浓度分别在I级和II级藏红花范围内。主要金属污染物（砷、铅和汞）的浓度远低于所有处理的允许限值，表明所测试的有机肥料均未对藏红花造成污染。