This work was designed to develop an integrated method of ultrasonic-microwave assisted extraction with enzyme pre-treatment and surfactant aqueous (ES-UME) for the simultaneous extraction of essential oil and flavonoids from Baeckea frutescens. The optimal parameters confirmed by single factor optimization combined with Box-Behnken Design were as follows: Cellulase and Hemicellulase concentration 10% (w/v), Triton X-114 concentration 2% (w/v), extraction time 1.5 h, ultrasonic power 478 W, microwave power 535 W, and liquid/solid ratio 16 mL/g. Under the optimal parameters, the extraction yields of essential oil and main five representative flavonoids epicatechin, rutin, isoquercitrin, myricetin, and quercetin reached 6.38, 0.53, 18.58, 10.72, 1.68, and 2.11 mg/g, respectively. Compositional analysis revealed α-Pinene (16.13%), Linalool (15.00%), 4-Carvomenthenol (10.98%), β-Caryophyllene (6.52%), and α-Terpineol (5.43%) were the most prominent components of essential oil. Furthermore, the essential oil exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against 7 tested strains and excellent antioxidant activity through DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2, 2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), and antibacterial assays. Moreover, flavonoids extracts were preconcentrated by 9.70-fold compared with the original extracts using the cloud-point property of surfactants. Overall, the developed method was a potential and desirable alternative that can simultaneously extract volatile and non-volatile bioactive constituents from plant materials in food, healthy, and pharmaceutical industries.

本工作旨在开发一种采用酶预处理和表面活性剂水溶液 (ES-UME) 的超声波-微波辅助提取集成方法，用于同时提取Baeckea frutescens 中的精油和黄酮类化合物。单因素优化结合Box-Behnken Design确定的最优参数为：纤维素酶和半纤维素酶浓度10%（w/v），Triton X-114浓度2%（w/v），提取时间1.5 h，超声功率478 W，微波功率 535 W，液固比 16 mL/g。在优化参数下，精油和主要五种代表性黄酮表儿茶素、芦丁、异槲皮苷、杨梅素和槲皮素的提取率分别达到6.38、0.53、18.58、10.72、1.68和2.11 mg/g。成分分析揭示α-蒎烯 (16.13%)、芳樟醇 (15.00%)、4-香芹酚 ( 10.98%)、β-石竹烯 (6.52%) 和α-萜品醇 (5.43%) 是精油中最突出的成分。此外，该精油通过 DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)、ABTS (2, 2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-磺酸））和抗菌试验。此外，利用表面活性剂的浊点特性，黄酮类提取物比原始提取物预浓缩了 9.70 倍。总体而言，所开发的方法是一种潜在且理想的替代方法，可以同时从食品、健康和制药行业的植物材料中提取挥发性和非挥发性生物活性成分。