Numerous studies have sought proof of whether people are genuinely honest by testing whether cognitive control mechanisms are recruited during honest and dishonest behaviors. The underlying assumption is: Deliberate behaviors require cognitive control to inhibit intuitive responses. However, cognitive control during honest and dishonest behaviors can be required for other reasons than deliberation. Across 58 neuroimaging studies (1,211 subjects), we investigated different forms of honest and dishonest behaviors and demonstrated that many brain regions previously implicated in dishonesty may reflect more general cognitive mechanisms. We argue that the motivational/volitional dimension is central to deliberation and provide evidence that motivated dishonest behaviors recruit the perigenual anterior cingulate cortex. This work questions the view that cognitive control is a hallmark of dishonesty.

许多研究通过测试在诚实和不诚实行为期间是否招募认知控制机制来寻求人们是否真正诚实的证据。基本假设是：故意行为需要认知控制来抑制直觉反应。然而，在诚实和不诚实行为期间进行认知控制可能出于深思熟虑之外的其他原因。在 58 项神经影像学研究（1,211 名受试者）中，我们研究了不同形式的诚实和不诚实行为，并证明许多先前与不诚实行为有关的大脑区域可能反映了更普遍的认知机制。我们认为动机/意志维度是深思熟虑的核心，并提供证据证明动机不诚实行为会招募膝周前扣带皮层。这项工作质疑认知控制是不诚实标志的观点。