Synergistic effects of pool fires in fire-induced domino accidents can result in greater damage than single pool fire. Existing research mainly adopts a superposition method based on simplified assumptions to analyze the contribution of synergistic effect of pool fires for domino effects. Therefore, the synergistic effect of pool fires has not been well understood. In this study, a new CFD-based method is developed to model the synergistic effect of pool fires. Case studies were carried out taking double pool fires as an example. The influence of key factors, including wind speed, vertical fire location, fuel type, and separation distance has been investigated quantitatively. The results demonstrated that the proposed CFD based approach can model the consequences of pool fires more comprehensively and assess the domino effects under synergistic effect more precisely than the traditional superposition method. Compared with the single pool fire, the synergistic effect of double pool fires can increase the probability of domino accidents for the adjacent tanks at the downwind by six orders of magnitude. In addition, it is observed that the received maximum radiation heat flux and escalation probability of the target tank in the downwind direction rise with increased wind speed. While the maximum radiation heat flux received by target tanks and escalation probability reduced with increased separation distance and vertical fire location. Moreover, according to the minimum safety distance recommended by present design standards, the synergistic effect of double pool fires in diesel storage tank farms will lead to a higher escalation probability of near equipment than gasoline storage tank farms. This study can be used to predict accident consequences and assess the domino effect under the synergistic effect of pool fires, and guide the layout optimization of the chemical storage tank area.

在火灾引发的多米诺骨牌事故中，池火的协同效应可能比单一池火造成更大的损害。现有研究主要采用基于简化假设的叠加法来分析池火协同效应对多米诺效应的贡献。因此，池火的协同效应尚未得到很好的理解。在这项研究中，开发了一种新的基于 CFD 的方法来模拟水池火灾的协同效应。以双池火灾为例进行了案例研究。定量研究了风速、垂直火灾位置、燃料类型和间隔距离等关键因素的影响。结果表明，与传统叠加方法相比，所提出的基于 CFD 的方法可以更全面地模拟水池火灾的后果，并更准确地评估协同效应下的多米诺骨牌效应。与单池火相比，双池火的协同效应可使下风向相邻坦克发生多米诺骨牌事故的概率增加六个数量级。此外，观察到目标罐在下风向的接收最大辐射热通量和升级概率随着风速的增加而增加。而目标坦克接收到的最大辐射热通量和升级概率随着间隔距离和垂直火力位置的增加而降低。而且，根据现行设计标准推荐的最小安全距离，柴油储罐区双池火灾的协同效应将导致附近设备的升级概率高于汽油储罐区。本研究可用于预测事故后果，评估池火协同作用下的多米诺骨牌效应，指导化学品储罐区布局优化。