Abstract

Studies on preterm infants usually exclude high-risk neonatal infants with neurological problems. However, it is important to study high-risk preterm infants to better understand later developmental problems. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to compare the cognitive, motor, language, and social-emotional development of high-risk preterm (PT) infants with infants born full-term (FT) with no biological vulnerabilities during early development (up to the first 15 months of age). The sample comprised 133 infants (54 born PT and 79 born FT) assessed in independent subsamples at 6–8 and 12–15 months of age, considering the corrected age for prematurity in the PT infants. Infant development (cognitive, motor, language, and social-emotional) was evaluated using the Bayley-III Scales. Medical charts were reviewed to obtain the clinical history. A multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of variance tests were performed to examine the differences between groups related to infant developmental indicators, controlling for age and socioeconomic variables. Although the PT infants performed significantly more poorly than their FT counterparts, the scores of the PT group were still within the normal range on all Bayley-III domains (cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional) than their FT counterparts. The findings of the present study provide a better understanding of the developmental prognosis of high-risk PT infants and extend support for preventive intervention programs to improve early childhood development.

摘要

对早产儿的研究通常会排除有神经问题的高危新生儿。然而，研究高危早产儿以更好地了解以后的发育问题很重要。因此，这项横断面研究旨在比较高危早产儿 (PT) 与足月 (FT) 早产儿在早期发育过程中没有生物脆弱性的认知、运动、语言和社会情感发育（直至前 15 个月）。考虑到 PT 婴儿早产的校正年龄，样本包括 133 名婴儿（54 名出生 PT 和 79 名出生 FT）在 6-8 个月和 12-15 个月大的独立子样本中进行评估。使用 Bayley-III 量表评估婴儿发育（认知、运动、语言和社会情感）。回顾病历以获得临床病史。进行了多变量方差分析和方差检验分析，以检查与婴儿发育指标相关的组之间的差异，控制年龄和社会经济变量。尽管 PT 婴儿的表现明显低于 FT 婴儿，但 PT 组在所有 Bayley-III 领域（认知、语言、运动和社会情感）上的得分仍比 FT 婴儿在正常范围内。本研究的结果提供了对高危 PT 婴儿发育预后的更好理解，并扩大了对预防性干预计划的支持，以改善儿童早期发育。控制年龄和社会经济变量。尽管 PT 婴儿的表现明显低于 FT 婴儿，但 PT 组在所有 Bayley-III 领域（认知、语言、运动和社会情感）上的得分仍比 FT 婴儿在正常范围内。本研究的结果提供了对高危 PT 婴儿发育预后的更好理解，并扩大了对预防性干预计划的支持，以改善儿童早期发育。控制年龄和社会经济变量。尽管 PT 婴儿的表现明显低于 FT 婴儿，但 PT 组在所有 Bayley-III 领域（认知、语言、运动和社会情感）上的得分仍比 FT 婴儿在正常范围内。本研究的结果提供了对高危 PT 婴儿发育预后的更好理解，并扩大了对预防性干预计划的支持，以改善儿童早期发育。